AP World History Expanded Ultimate Cram Sheet Flashcards

Comprehensive practice flashcards covering AP World History Units 1-9, including key themes, empires, conflicts, and exam writing strategies.

What were the key components of governance and social hierarchy in Song China?

Confucianism, civil service exams, and the tributary system.

Which groups and systems defined Dar al-Islam between 1200 and 1450?

The Abbasids, the ulama (religious scholars), and Sharia Law.

What were the foundational social and economic structures of Feudal Europe?

Lords/vassals, manorialism, and the Catholic Church.

How did the Aztec and Inca empires manage resources and labor?

The Aztecs used a tribute system, while the Inca utilized the mit'a labor system.

What technologies and environmental factors facilitated trade in the Indian Ocean?

Monsoon winds and dhow/junk ships.

What were the primary goods and methods of transport in the Trans-Saharan trade?

Gold-salt trade facilitated by camel caravans.

Who were the three major travelers and leaders associated with Unit 2's networks of exchange?

Marco Polo, Ibn Battuta, and Mansa Musa.

What systems did the Ottoman Empire use to centralize power and manage its population?

Janissaries, the devshirme system, and the millet system.

What was the state religion of the Safavid Empire?

Shi’a Islam.

How did the Mughal Empire under Akbar approach governance and religion?

Through religious syncretism and the mansabdari system.

What were the primary goals and social conditions of Russia under Peter the Great?

Westernization and the continuation of serfdom.

What were the categories of items moved during the Columbian Exchange?

Crops, animals, and diseases.

What labor systems were established in the Americas during the era of transoceanic interconnection?

Encomienda, hacienda, and chattel slavery.

Which location and system were central to the global silver trade between 1450 and 1750?

Potosí and the Manila Galleons.

Who were the three primary Enlightenment thinkers mentioned in the notes?

Locke, Rousseau, and Montesquieu.

What was the leadership and nature of the revolution in Haiti?

A slave rebellion led by Toussaint L’Ouverture.

What were the primary economic ideologies that emerged during the Industrial Revolution?

Capitalism (Adam Smith/free markets) and Socialism/Marxism (class struggle).

What were two major instances of resistance against imperialism during the 1750-1900 era?

The Sepoy Rebellion and the Taiping Rebellion.

What were the three primary causes of World War I?

Militarism, alliances, and nationalism.

Who were the leaders of the Russian Revolution?

Lenin and the Bolsheviks.

What were the major causes and outcomes of World War II mentioned in the notes?

Causes included Fascism and the Treaty of Versailles; outcomes included the Holocaust and the use of atomic bombs.

What was the central strategy of the United States against the USSR during the Cold War?

Containment.

What were the three primary proxy wars of the Cold War era?

Korea, Vietnam, and Afghanistan.

Who was the leader associated with decolonization in India?

Gandhi.

What are the key themes and challenges of the Globalization era (1991–Present)?

Technology (Internet/social media), multinational corporations, terrorism, climate change, and migration.

What are the three essential writing tips for the AP Exam?

Explain WHY developments occurred, use specific evidence with dates and places, and connect examples to broader processes.