anatomy: urogenital

Osmoregulation

to regulate the chemical composition and volume of the body fluids

Excretion

to remove nitrogenous waste products and excess water from the body

• To regulate the chemical composition and volume of the body fluids

• To remove nitrogenous waste products and excess water from the body

• To act as an endocrine gland by the secretion of the hormone erythropoietin

functions of urinary system

Kidney

Ureter

Urinary Bladder

Urethra

organs in urinary system

Kidney

are paired reddish brown organs located on the dorsal part of the abdominal cavity.

Right

__ kidney is always higher

Medial Border

Lateral Border

Renal Artery & Vein

Ureter

border parts of left kidney

Cranial Extremity

Medial Border

Lateral Border

Renal Artery & Vein

Caudal Extremity

Ureter

border parts of right kidney

Perirenal Fat

mass of protective fat surrounding the kidney and holding its place

Renal Cortex

• outer layer of the kidney parenchyma beneath the capsule

• characterized by their light color and granular appearance.

Renal Medulla

• inner layer of the kidney parenchyma

• characterized by the striated appearance

Renal Hilus

opening to the renal sinus

Renal Pelvis

expanded proximal end of the ureter

Renal Papillae

• apex a kidney lobule that drips urine into the proximal end of the ureter

• absent in dog

Renal Calyx

cup-shaped structure receiving urine from the renal papillae

Renal Sinus

space occupied by the ureter, renal blood vessels and nerve entering the kidney

Renal Cortex

Renal Medulla

Renal Hilus

Renal Pelvis

Renal Papillae

Renal Calyx

Renal Sinus

internal structures of kidney

Glomerulus

Proximal Convoluted Tubule

Loop of Henle

Distal Convoluted Tubule

Collecting Duct

parts of nephron

Ureter

paired fibromuscular tube carrying urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

Peristaltic Action

each ureter pass through the urinary bladder’s wall at an acute angle, preventing backflow and still allowing urine to empty into a full bladder by __

Bladder

__ is a hollow, piriform muscular sac lying on the pelvic floor. According to its distension it can extend to ventral abdominal wall

Body

Neck

Fundus

Detrusor Muscle

Ureteral Ostium

Trigone

parts of bladder

Body

the main part of the bladder having a dorsal and ventral surface.

Neck

the constricted portion of the bladder continuous posteriorly with the urethra.

Fundus

the blunt, flask-shaped anterior extremity.

Detrusor Muscle

smooth muscle of the urinary bladder

Ureteral Ostium

opening for the ureters

Trigone

is a triangular area in the vicinity of the neck. Sensitive to pressure.

Male Urethra

Female Urethra

2 types of urethra

Male Urethra

it is common to both urinary and genital systems

Pelvic

Penile

2 parts of male urethra

Pelvic

from the bladder to the ischial arch

Penile

from ischial arch to glans penis

Female Urethra

it is short and dilatable. Runs on the floor of the pelvis and open on the floor of the vagina.