History 8-3 Constitution Review - Sadie Sukhatme

Article 1

Created the Legislative branch of government and described the roles of the House of Representatives and the Senate

Article 2

Created the Executive branch: the President, Vice President, Cabinet, and departments under the Cabinet that carry out laws

Article 3

Created the Judicial branch: created the Supreme Court along with its power to interpret laws, handle federal cases and define treason

Article 4

States’ powers: States have the power to make and create their own laws

Article 5

Establishes the amendment process, allowing the Constitution to change through 2/3 votes of Congress and 3/4 ratification of states

Article 6

Federal powers: The constitution and federal laws are higher than state and local laws

Article 7

The approval of 9 of the 13 states will be sufficient to ratify the Constitution and make it the official law of the land

1st Amendment

People have the freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of press, freedom of assembly, and the right to petition the government

2nd Amendment

People have the right to have a weapon to protect themselves

3rd Amendment

Soldiers cannot take or live in a person’s house

4th Amendment

The government cannot arrest a person or search their property unless there is probable cause

5th Amendment

The government must follow the law (due process) before punishing a person (Miranda Warning)

6th Amendment

A person has the right to a fair and speedy trial by a jury

7th Amendment

A person has the right to a jury for civil cases

8th Amendment

The government cannot demand excessive bail or fines, or any cruel and unusual punishment

9th Amendment

The Constitution does not include all of the rights of the people and the states

10th Amendment

Any powers that the Constitution does not give to the federal government belongs to the states

11th Amendment

States cannot be sued by other state residents in a federal court

12th Amendment

Created the electoral college and allowed presidential candidates to team up with Vice Presidents

13th Amendment

Abolishes slavery and involuntary servitude throughout the nation, except as a punishment for a crime

14th Amendment

Granted citizenship and equal protection to all persons born or naturalized in the US

15th Amendment

Promised African American men the right to vote in America

16th Amendment

Grants Congress the authority to impose a federal income tax on individuals and corporations

17th Amendment

The direct election of US senators is by the people instead of by state legislatures

18th Amendment

Banned the sale of liquor in the US after 1920; was a failure and was repealed by the 21st Amendment; prohibition

19th Amendment

Gave women the right to vote

20th Amendment

Allowed a president elect to take the office of president on January 20th following the November election

21st Amendment

Repealed the 18th Amendment of banning the sale of liquor in the US after 1920