Week 9 GI System

• Liver 

• Pancreas 

• Spleen 

• Adrenal glands 

• Kidneys 

• Ovaries 

• Uterus

examples of which type of viscera

solid

• Stomach 

• Gallbladder 

• Small intestine 

• Colon 

• Bladder

examples of which type of viscera

hollow viscera

In newborns, the umbilical cord shows prominently on __

abdomen

__ takes up more space in abdomen at birth than in later life

Liver

In newborns, the __ ___ is located higher in the abdomen than it is in adults – Lies between symphysis and umbilicus

Urinary bladder

During early childhood __ wall less muscular, so organs may be easier to palpate

abdominal

Thinner abdominal wall for __, so don’t put too much pressure when palpating

children

Examine __ areas last

painful

bowel sounds use diaphragm or bell

diaphragm

vascular sounds use diaphragm or bell

bell

When percussing lightly in all 4 quadrants, you want a __ sound

tympanic

Percussion over __ is often uncomfortable

kidneys

Percussion is done over the __ angle

costovertebral

• patient doesn’t want you to touch them because it feels uncomfortable 

guarding (usually during palpation)

• Deep palpation is __to __cm

• 5-8 cm

Only palpate the __ kidney

right

“duckbill” hands at the flank when palpating __

kidney

which sit higher left or right kidney

left

abnormal findings (4)

1. bowel sounds

2. abnormal friction rub and vascular sounds

3. abnormalities upon palpation

4. aortic aneurysm