Special Senses, Oncology, & Integumentary Lecture Notes

A comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards covering the Integumentary System, skin disorders, pressure ulcer staging, burn management, and basic oncology concepts.

Epidermis

The avascular, outer layer of the skin that contains a ceratin waterproof barrier.

Stratum corneum

The dead protective layer of the epidermis.

Dermis

The layer of skin containing blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles, collagen for strength, and elastin for stretch.

SubQ layer

The fat layer of the skin used for insulation and cushioning.

Melanocytes

Important cells that produce melanin for UV protection.

Langerhans cells

Macrophage-like cells used for immune defense.

Sebacous glands

Glands that produce oil to prevent dryness.

Eccrine glands

Sweat glands primarily responsible for cooling.

Apocrine glands

Sweat glands that produce odor and are located in the axilla and genitals.

Cyanosis

A skin color assessment finding indicating low $O_2$.

Jaundice

A skin color assessment finding indicating liver issues.

Turgor

A palpation assessment used to determine hydration.

Clubbing

A hair and nail assessment finding associated with chronic hypoxia.

Spoon nails

A hair and nail assessment finding associated with anemia.

Woods Lamp

A diagnostic tool used to identify fungal infections.

Primary intention

A type of wound healing where the wound is closed, such as with sutures.

Secondary intention

A type of wound healing where the wound is left open to heal by granulation.

Tertiary intention

A type of wound healing involving delayed closure.

Stage 1 Pressure Ulcer

Characterized by red, non-blanchable skin.

Stage 2 Pressure Ulcer

Characterized by blisters and partial-thickness skin loss.

Stage 3 Pressure Ulcer

Characterized by full thickness skin loss where fat is visible.

Stage 4 Pressure Ulcer

Characterized by exposed muscle or bone.

Braden Scale

A scale used for the prevention of pressure ulcers.

Psoriasis

A skin disorder marked by rapid skin cell turnover and silvery scales on the elbows and knees.

Herpes Simplex

An infection with no cure, categorized as Type 1 (oral) or Type 2 (genital), treated with antivirals like acyclovir.

Herpes zoster (shingles)

Painful dermatomes caused by reactivated chickenpox.

Cellulitis

Bacterial infections (staph/strep) characterized by skin that is red, swollen, and warm.

Scabies

An infestation characterized by intense itching.

Melanoma

The most dangerous type of skin cancer.

3rd degree burn

A burn characterized by no pain due to nerve damage.

Rule of Nines (Adult Head)

$$9\%$$

Rule of Nines (Child Head)

$$18\%$$

Rule of Nines (Adult Back)

$$18\%$$

Rule of Nines (Child Leg)

$$13.5\%$$

Hypovolemic shock

A cardiovascular complication of burns.

Escharotomy

A surgical procedure used to relieve pressure in burn cases.

Malignant

A term describing uncontrolled cancer growth.

Benign

A term describing slow, noninvasive cancer growth.

Initiation

The first step in cancer development involving DNA mutation.

Promotion

The second step in cancer development involving tumor growth.