Germination Experiments and Neurophysiology Lab Review

This set of flashcards covers key concepts from the germination experiments and neurophysiology lab, focusing on hypotheses, variables, and relevant biological functions.

What is the hypothesis proposed for whether seeds need light to germinate?

Some seeds need light.

What is the independent variable in the seed germination experiment concerning light?

The presence or absence of light.

What is the dependent variable in the seed germination experiment concerning light?

The number of sprouts.

List three standardized variables in the seed germination experiments.

Water, light, heat.

What was the hypothesis proposed regarding seeds needing water to germinate?

Yes, plants need some water.

What is the main independent variable in the water germination experiment?

The amount of water.

What is the dependent variable in the experiment testing the affect of water on germination?

The number of sprouts.

How does temperature affect seed germination according to the hypothesis?

Heat needs to stay constant in the middle for optimal sprouting.

What was the conclusion regarding heat and seed germination?

Medium temperatures resulted in significant growth.

What does resting potential refer to in neurons?

The membrane potential of a cell at rest.

What is the relationship between action potential and membrane depolarization?

Action potential is a rapid change in membrane potential, indicating depolarization.

What is a ganglion in the nervous system?

A cluster of nerve cell bodies located outside the brain and spinal cord.

How does the dorsal side refer to anatomical positioning?

Refers to the back or upper side of an organism.

In dissection experiments, what is typically assessed in the ventral side of the leech?

The structure of its nervous system.

What are papillae and where are they found?

Small projections on the tongue that contain taste buds.

What does the pancreas do in the digestive system?

Produces digestive enzymes and hormones like insulin.

What is the role of villi in the small intestine?

Increase the surface area for nutrient absorption.

What significance does the thymus have in the endocrine system?

It is an immune system gland involved in T-cell maturation.

What does a high growth rate in germination experiments suggest about the conditions used?

The conditions were optimal for sprouting.

What is the outcome if too much heat is applied to germinating seeds?

It can inhibit growth, leading to fewer sprouts.

What is meant by 'controlled experiment' in the context of this lab?

An experiment where all conditions are kept the same except for the variable being tested.

Why is it crucial for animals to have mechanoreceptors?

They detect subtle changes in their environment, important for survival and navigation.