2.2. Ethics of Research Conduct Record

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary and concepts from the lecture notes on research ethics, highlighting important principles, historical studies, and regulatory frameworks.

Scientific Ethics

The principles governing the responsible conduct of research to ensure integrity and welfare of participants.

Nuremberg Code

A set of ethical guidelines for research established after the Nuremberg Trials, emphasizing informed consent and the welfare of research subjects.

Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment

A controversial medical study conducted from 1932 to 1972 that tracked the progression of untreated syphilis in Black sharecroppers without their informed consent.

Beneficence

An ethical principle that requires researchers to maximize benefits and minimize harm to participants.

Justice

An ethical principle that ensures fairness in the selection of research participants without favoritism.

Informed Consent

The process of ensuring that participants understand the nature of the research, risks involved, and give voluntary agreement to participate.

Clinical Equipoise

The ethical requirement that there is genuine uncertainty within the expert medical community about the preferred treatment.

Institutional Review Board (IRB)

A committee established to review and approve research involving human participants to ensure ethical standards are met.

Respect for Persons

An ethical principle emphasizing the dignity and autonomy of individuals in the research process.

Coercion

The practice of persuading someone to do something by using force or threats; significant in discussions of research ethics.

Passive Deception

A type of deception allowed in research when full disclosure is not feasible and risks are minimal.

Burial Insurance

A benefit offered to participants in some unethical research studies to mitigate their risk.

Belmont Report

A foundational document in research ethics outlining principles of respect for persons, beneficence, and justice.

Animal Welfare Act

A law that regulates the treatment of animals in research and requires humane care and treatment.

Research Ethics

The moral principles that govern research practices, particularly regarding the treatment and welfare of participants.

Participant Welfare

The consideration of the physical, psychological, and social well-being of individuals involved in research.

Confidentiality

An ethical duty to protect the privacy of participants by ensuring that their data are kept secure and anonymous.

De-identified Data

Information that has been stripped of personal identifiers to protect participant privacy.

Ethical Violations

Actions in research that breach ethical standards, such as lack of consent or unjust treatment of participants.

Long-term Consequences

Potential adverse effects that may arise from unethical research practices over time.