Science many fun things chemistry fun

Synthesis reaction (general form)

A + B → AB

Decomposition reaction (general form)

AB → A + B

Single replacement (general form)

A + BC → AC + B

Double replacement (general form)

AB + CD → AD + CB

Combustion reaction (general form)

Fuel + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O

Neutralisation (general form)

Acid + Base → Salt + Water

What happens to electrons in ionic bonding?

Transferred from metal to nonmetal

What happens to electrons in covalent bonding?

Shared between nonmetals

What happens to electrons in metallic bonding?

Delocalised "sea of electrons"

Ionic bonding occurs between…

Metal + Nonmetal

Covalent bonding occurs between…

Nonmetal + Nonmetal

Metallic bonding occurs between…

Metal atoms only

Does solid NaCl conduct electricity?

No (ions are fixed in lattice)

Does molten NaCl conduct electricity?

Yes (ions are free to move)

Do covalent molecular substances conduct electricity?

No (no free electrons or ions)

Why are metals malleable?

Layers of atoms slide without breaking due to sea of electrons

Two properties of metals explained by metallic bonding

Conductivity, malleability, ductility, lustre (any two)

What is a precipitation reaction?

Two clear solutions mix → solid (precipitate) forms

What is electrolysis?

Electricity decomposes a molten or dissolved ionic compound

Combustion keyword clues

Burns, oxygen, heat, flame, fuel

Decomposition keyword clues

Breaks down, splits, one reactant

Oxidation reaction (Sec 2 level)

Substance gains oxygen (e.g., metal + O₂ → metal oxide)

Neutralisation keyword clues

Acid + base/alkali → salt + water, pH becomes 7

Single replacement keyword clue

One element replaces another in a compound

Double replacement keyword clue

Two compounds swap partners