TI Exam #1

Philosophy

The love of wisdom; it involves reasoning, facts, and analogies.

Metaphysics

The study of concepts that cannot be defined by physics, such as being, time, and space.

Epistemology

The study of knowledge and how we know what we know; it differentiates justified beliefs from opinions.

Social Philosophy

The study of coercive institutions like society, religion, and politics.

Ethics

The study of right and wrong, and what it means to be a good person.

Supererogatory

Actions that go above and beyond moral duties.

Common Sense Morality

Pre-theoretical actions based on gut feelings or reactions used to make decisions.

Moral Tragedy

A situation where a person faces a dilemma with bad moral consequences.

Utilitarianism

A moral theory that aims to maximize happiness and minimize suffering, focusing on the consequences of actions.

Deontology

Duty-based ethical theory that emphasizes the intent behind decisions rather than their consequences.

Omniscience

The state of knowing everything.

Omnipotence

Having unlimited power.

Omnibenevolence

Being all good.

Theodicy

An attempt to reconcile the existence of evil with the existence of an all-knowing, powerful, and good God.

Moral Relativism

The idea that moral judgments are relative to specific cultures and not universal.

Moral Isolationism

The concept that cultures are so different from one another that we cannot judge others, only our own.

Normative ethics

creating a system for moral standards to follow for right or wrong actions.