Islamic Ethics and Etiquette (Akhlaq and Adab)

Vocabulary-style flashcards covering the concepts, evidence, characteristics, and roles of Akhlaq (ethics) and Adab (etiquette) according to Islamic teachings.

Akhlaq (Concept)

A state in the soul, firmly established, from which actions proceed with ease and facility without the need for thought or deliberation.

Dalil Naqli (Akhlaq)

The Hadith narrated by Abdullah bin 'Amr where the Messenger of Allah said: "Indeed, the best among you are those with the best character (akhlaq)."

Al-Khuluq al-Hasan

Good character, which consists of the qualities and attributes of the Messenger of Allah.

Al-Akhlaq al-Sayyi'ah

Bad character, consisting of vices ($\text{al-Raza'il}$) that distance a person from the religion of Islam.

Role of Akhlaq in Human Development

It plays a vital role in building the human entity, acts as a primary factor in the success of Islamic Da'wah, and is the most prominent feature seen by people.

Al-Mas'uliyah

A characteristic of ethics referring to responsibility, which can be either individual ($\text{shakhsiyah}$) or collective ($\text{jama'iyah}$).

Rabbaniyah al-Masdar

The divine origin of ethics, meaning they are sourced directly from the Quran and the Sunnah.

Al-Salahiyah al-'Ammah

The general validity and suitability of Islamic ethics for every time ($\text{zaman}$) and place ($\text{makan}$).

Al-Jaza' 'ala al-khayr wa al-sharr

The system of ethics that includes reward for good deeds and punishment for evil deeds.

Adab (Concept)

What is established based on the Quran and Sunnah to clarify Islamic belief ($\text{i'tiqad}$) and its noble teachings.

Adab with Allah

Showing obedience and piety ($\text{taqwa}$) towards Him, as those who obey Allah and His Messenger and fear Him are the successful ones.

Adab with the Messenger

Doing what he commanded and refraining from what he forbade, based on the command: "What the Messenger has given you - take; and what he has forbidden you - refrain from."

Al-Raqabah al-Diniyah

Religious oversight or self-supervision as a characteristic of Islamic ethics.

Al-Shumul wa al-Takamul

The characteristic of ethics being comprehensive and integrated.