Lipid Metabolism Reactions

Acyl-CoA Synthetase Step 1

Fatty Acid + ATP → Acyl-CoA + AMP

Beta Oxidation of Fatty Acyl CoA Reaction 1 Substrates and Products

Fatty Acyl-CoA → trans-delta-enoyl-CoA

Beta Oxidation of Fatty Acyl-CoA Reaction 1 Enzyme

AD

Beta Oxidation of Fatty Acyl-CoA Reaction 2 Substrates and Products

trans-delta-enoyl-CoA → 3-L-hydroxyacyl-CoA

Beta Oxidation of Fatty Acyl-CoA Reaction 2 Enzyme

EH

Beta Oxidation of Fatty Acyl-CoA Reaction 3 Substrates and Products

3-L-Hydroxyacyl-CoA → Beta-Ketoacyl-CoA

Beta Oxidation of Fatty Acyl-CoA Reaction 3 Enzyme

HAD

Beta Oxidation of Fatty Acyl-CoA Reaction 3 Uses…

NAD+

Beta Oxidation of Fatty Acyl-CoA Reaction 4 Substrates and Products

Beta-Ketoacyl-CoA → Fatty Acyl-CoA (2 C atoms shorter) + Acetyl CoA

Beta Oxidation of Fatty Acyl-CoA Reaction 4 Enzyme

KT

Beta Oxidation of Fatty Acyl-CoA Reaction 4 Uses…

CoASH

Beta Oxidation of Fatty Acyl-CoA Reaction 1 Uses…

FAD+ to FADH2

Beta Oxidation of Fatty Acyl CoA Reaction 6

ETFred → ETFox

Beta Oxidation of Fatty Acyl CoA Reaction 7

Q→QH2

Beta Oxidation of Fatty Acyl CoA Reaction 8

Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain (Makes ATP)

What are the three ketone bodies?

acetoacetate

acetone

D-beta-Hydroxybutyrate

Ketogenesis Reaction 1 Substrates and Products

Acetyl CoA + Acetyl CoA → Acetoacetyl-CoA

Ketogenesis Reaction 1 Enzyme

thiolase

Ketogenesis Reaction 2 Substrates and Products

Acetoacetyl-CoA → HMG-CoA

Ketogenesis Reaction 2 Enzyme

HMG-CoA synthase

Ketogenesis Reaction 3 Substrates and Products

HMG-CoA → Acetoacetate + Acetyl-CoA

Ketogenesis Reaction 3 Enzyme

HMG-CoA lyase

What enzyme turns acetoacetate to D-beta-hydroxybutyrate?

beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase

What does acetoacetate → d-beta-hydroxybutyrate use?

NADH

Ketone Bodies to Acetyl CoA Reaction 1 Substrates and Products

D-beta-hydroxybutyrate → acetoacetate

Ketone Bodies to Acetyl CoA Reaction 1 Enzyme

beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase

Ketone Bodies to Acetyl CoA Reaction 2 Substrate and Product

Acetoacetate → Acetoacetyl-CoA

Ketone Bodies to Acetyl CoA Reaction 2 Enzyme

3-ketoacyl-CoA transferase

Ketone Bodies to Acetyl CoA Reaction 2 uses what?

Succinyl-CoA → succinate

Ketone Bodies to Acetyl CoA Reaction 3 Substrate and Product

Acetoacetyl-CoA → Acetyl-CoA

Ketone Bodies to Acetyl CoA Reaction 3 Enzyme

thiolase