Hair Coloring and Lightening Fundamentals

Detailed vocabulary flashcards covering hair bleaching chemistry, lightening stages, international color numbering, professional techniques, and modern coloring technologies.

Bleaching (Szőkítés)

A chemical process that lightens natural or dyed pigments by breaking down melanin in the hair.

Persulfates (Perszulfátok)

The active chemical compounds typically found in bleaching powder.

Oxidizing agent (Hidrogén-peroxid)

A chemical available in different strengths used to penetrate the hair and oxidize pigments during the bleaching process.

$10\,vol$ ($3\%$) Oxidant

Used for mild lightening and toning treatments.

$20\,vol$ ($6\%$) Oxidant

Used to achieve $1$-$2$ levels of hair lightening.

$30\,vol$ ($9\%$) Oxidant

Used to achieve $2$-$3$ levels of hair lightening.

$40\,vol$ ($12\%$) Oxidant

Used for strong lightening, though it carries a higher risk of hair damage.

Platinum blonde (Platinaszőke)

The $10^{th}$ and lightest stage of the hair lightening process.

Balayage

A hand-painted, freehand highlighting technique used to create a natural, sun-kissed effect.

Ombre

A technique featuring dark roots that transition into gradually lightening hair ends.

Airtouch

A technique that uses air to separate hair strands before bleaching to create very natural transitions.

Money Piece

Brightened, lightened strands of hair that frame the face.

Purple shampoo (Lila sampon)

An aftercare product used to counteract unwanted yellow tones in blonde hair.

Color depth (Színmélység)

Indicated by the first number ($1$-$10$) in the international numbering system, identifying how dark or light the hair is.

Primary tone (Fő színirány)

The first digit following the decimal point in a hair color code (e.g., the $1$ in $7.13$).

Ash (Hamvas)

Represented by the tone number $.1$ in the hair color numbering system.

Color Remover (Színeltávolító)

A product that chemically breaks down permanent oxidation dyes without oxidizing natural pigments, making it gentler than bleach.

Bleach Wash (Koktélozás)

A process involving bleaching powder and oxidant (often $10$-$20\,vol$) aimed at lightening permanent dye or fading color.

ODS (Oil Delivery System)

A technology where oil helps pigments enter the hair shaft without the need for ammonia, resulting in shinier hair.

Bonding Technology

Additives or treatments (like Plex products) that protect and strengthen the hair's keratin structure during chemical processes.

Inebrya

An Italian professional hair color brand known for permanent cream dyes including ammonia- and PPD-free formulas.

Fashion colors (Divatszínek)

Intense, non-natural shades (such as red, copper, blue, or pink) used for vibrant results on lightened or porous hair.

Root smudge / Shadow root

A technique where a darker shade is blurred at the roots to create a natural transition and a regrowth-free appearance.

Color Melt

A technique where different colors are blended into each other so that the transitions are not visible.

$1:2$ Ratio

The typical mixing ratio for bleaching powder and oxidant (one part powder to two parts developer).