Mycology Genera and Characteristics

A complete list of fungal genera, their taxonomic orders, and morphological characteristics as described in the lecture notes.

Rhizopus (Order: Mucorales)

A genus characterized by coenocytic mycelium and the formation of rhizoids at the base of the sporangiophores.

Phytophthora infestans (Order: Peronosporales)

A genus with coenocytic mycelium that produces lemon-shaped sporangia with a papilla (nipple) at the tip.

Plasmopara (Order: Peronosporales)

A genus with coenocytic mycelium that branches only on one side (not dichotomous), produces oospores sexually, and creates zoosporangia.

Uncinula necator (Order: Erysiphales)

A fungus described as appearing like a 'sun with rays.'

Oidium (Order: Erysiphales)

A genus with hyaline mycelium featuring septa that produces oval, elongated conidia with a 'nose' on conidiophores during asexual reproduction.

Phyllactinia sp. (Order: Erysiphales)

A genus with hyaline mycelium and septa that produces Ovulariopsis-type conidia and features cleistothecia with ray-like elongated appendages on the periphery.

Microsphaera (Order: Erysiphales)

A genus with hyaline mycelium and septa that produces Oidium-type conidia (chains) and features cleistothecia with elongated appendages that are intensely branched at the tips.

Penicillium (Order: Eurotiales)

A genus that creates conidiophores ending in a brush-like shape, where very small conidia (phialides) form chains.

Aspergillus (Order: Eurotiales)

A genus that creates conidiophores ending in a head with radial chains of conidia (phialides).

Botrytis (Order: Helotiales)

A genus with septate mycelium and conidiophores that branch at the tips bearing oval conidia, resembling a small tree.

Monilia (Order: Helotiales)

A genus with septate mycelium that creates chains of small, lemon-shaped conidia.

Fusarium (Order: Hypocreales)

A genus characterized by hyaline mycelium with septa that produces two distinct types of conidia.

Trichothecium (Order: Hypocreales)

A genus with septate mycelium producing two-celled conidia (or pseudo-heads of two-celled conidia) featuring a papilla at the tip.

Alternaria (Order: Pleosporales)

A genus with dark brown septate mycelium and multicellular elongated conidia (some with tails) known as dictyospores.

Stemphylium (Order: Pleosporales)

A genus with dark mycelium similar to Alternaria but featuring multicellular spores.

Curvularia (Order: Pleosporales)

An imperfect fungus with thin brown conidiophores and dark 3-celled or 4-celled croissant-shaped conidia with swollen middle cells and hyaline end cells.

Septoria (Order: Mycosphaerellales)

An imperfect fungus that forms asexual fruiting bodies in pycnidia, producing hyaline, worm-shaped, thin, 3-celled conidia (pycnidiospores).

Phragmidium (Order: Pucciniales)

A genus that creates uredosori with round one-celled uredospores and teliosori with multicellular elongated teliospores on rose leaves.

Puccinia (Order: Pucciniales)

A genus characterized by hyaline, two-celled teliospores featuring a pedicel and a sharp tip.

Ustilago (Order: Ustilaginales)

A genus with one-celled, non-hyaline circular teliospores with spikes on the periphery; the cause of 'smut' (anthrax) diseases.

Rhizoctonia (Order: Ceratobasidiales)

An imperfect form of Thanatephorus with sterile hyaline mycelium that branches at $45^{\circ}$ or $90^{\circ}$, showing narrowing before the septa at branching points.

Cladosporium (Order: Capnodiales)

A genus featuring branched structures that bear chains of lemon-shaped conidia at the tips.