Quiz # 9 Skin, Eye, Ear, Antimicrobial and Antiparasitic Drugs

? antibiotics come in long-acting formulations or require multiple doses a day

Time dependant drug dosing

? Antibiotics mean larger doses less often

Concentration dependant

White tip intramammary infusions are used for the?

lactating cow

red tip intramammaruy infusions are used for the ?

dry cow

Bacteriostatic

Inhibits the growth or reproduction of bacteria

Gram negative

Stain pink, decolorize

Broad spectrum antibiotics

Act on gram positive and gram negative bacteria

Narrow spectrum antibiotics

Act specifically on either gram positive or gram negative bacteria

Bactericidal

Kills the bacteria

Spectrum of activity

the type of bacteria against which a particular antibiotic drug us effective

Stain purple, resist decolorization

gram negative

Name an antiviral

Interferon

Which antibiotic should you wear gloves when handling as it has potential to cause aplastic anemia in people

Chloramphenicol

Which antibiotic can cause esophageal stricture in cats

doxycycline

Which is an antifungal that can slow the metabolism of other drufs in the liver

Ketoconazole

Which antibiotic class does not severely disrupt normal GI flora in rabbits and rodents

Fluroquinolones

Possible cartilage damage in growing animals and retinal damage in cats is a possible adverse effect of which antibiotic

Enrofloxacin

Cooking and pasterization will eliminate the risk of exposure of drug resides when antibiotics are used in food producing animals.T or F

False

Microorganisms that were once sensitive to the effects of a particular antimicrobial drug but is no longer damaged by the drug is showing acquired drug resistance. T or F

True

Bacteria that produce beta-lactamase are likely resistant to penicillin.T or F

True

Once of the possible uses of antimicrobials is to promote growth and feed efficiency.T or F

True

All antibiotics should be given with food.

False

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca is a possible adverse effect of which antibiotIc?

• Sulfamethoxazole

What three drugs make up "triple antibiotic"?

• Bacitracin, Neomycin, Polymyxin B

What type of parasite does this drug class target and name two drugs: Benzimidazoles

Nematodes, Trematodes

Fenbebdazole, Albendazole

What type of parasite does this drug class target and name two drugs: Tetrahydropyrimidines

Nematodes

Pyrantel, Pamoate

What type of parasite does this drug class target and name two drugs: Macrocytic Lactones

Nematodes, Heartworm, Fleas

Ivermectin, Selamectin

What type of parasite does this drug class target and name two drugs: Anticestodal

Tapeworms

Praziquantel

What type of parasite does this drug class target and name two drugs:Nitroimidazole

Giardia

Metronidazole

What type of parasite does this drug class target and name two drugs:Isoxazolines

Fleas, ticks

Afoxolaner, Fluralaner

Neonicotinoids

Fleas

Imidacloprid

What stage of the heartworm does preventative drugs target

L3 larvae

Heartworm is transmitted by

Mosquitoes

Some species of which parasites has fleas as an intermediate host and would need fleas to be controlled to prevent further infection

Tapeworms

Which mutation makes the animal more sensitive to macrocytic lactones

MDR1

Which are metabolised poorly in cats and therefore are more likely to cause toxicity in this species

Pyrethrins/Pyrethroids

Where do adult heartworms live primarily

Right ventricle

T or F Manufactures recommend that dogs be microfilaria negative before heartworm preventatives are started

False

Parasites do not develop antiparasitic drug resistance

false

Ectoparasites live within the body of the host and are infections.

false

Ectoparasites live within the body of the host and are infections.

False

Ectoparasites live within the body of the host and are infections

False

It is easier to treat heartworm than prevent it

false

Ectoparasite drugs can be oral treatments

true

Possible side effects of metronidazole toxicity are CNS sings

True

Metronidazole is relatively safe in pregnant animals

false

A skin scrape is most likely used to determine if

Mites are present

Systemic drugs may be used to treat ear infections

True

Oral drugs cannot cause ototoxicity

false

Topical antibiotics are usually not recommended for treating puncture wounds

True

Are mydriatics sympathomimetic or parasympathomimetic

Sympathomimetic

Are mydriatics sympathomimetic or parasympathomimetic

parasympathomimetic

do mydriatics increase or decrease intraocular pressure

increase

Do miotics increase or decrease intraocular pressure?

decrease

To maintain proper ocular pressure, the outflow must be ? to the production of the aqueous humor

equal

Flaking or scaling of the epidermis

Seborrhoea

Hives

Urticaria

Loss of hair

alopecia

Natural defence target own cells

Autoimmune

Bacterial infection

Pyoderma

Itchiness

Pruritus

Yeast

Malassezia

Allergic skin condition

Atopy

A damaged cornea

Ulcers

Inflammation of the iris, ciliary body or choroid

Uveitis

Causes pupil constriction

miotic

paralyze the ciliary muscles

Cycloplegics

Increase instraocular pressure

Glaucoma

Cause pupil dilation

mydriatics

Dry eye

KCS

What drug is an oral immunomodulator that stops the itch

Oclacitinib

Cytopoint (lokivetmab) is

An injection

What is a topical anesthetic used for eye exams

Proparacaine

Which type of drug is contraindicated in glaucoma

Mydriatics

What is a long acting ear product

Osurnia

What can be used if the tympanic membrane is ruptured

Isotonic sterile saline

Which is an antibiotic

betamethasone

mometasone

florfenicol

clotrimazole

Florfenicol

Which is an antifungal

gentamicin

mometasone

marbofloxacin

clotrimazole

clotrimazole

Which is a steroid?

marbofloxacin

nystatin

clotrimazole

mometasone

Mometasone

A woods lamp is most likely used to determine if

A fungus is present

What must you warn owners about when dispensing doxycycline

1. May cause GI upset

2. Absorption is inhibiting by dairy products, do not give with cheese

3. Follow up the pill with a little water or some wet food

4. May cause discolouration of permanent teeth in young animals

Name three drugs in the beta lactams

1. Amoxicillin

2. Cefovecin

3. Cephalexin

Which antibiotic is cat safe

Marbofloxacin