Final lab quiz

• 5-merous

• MANY stamens

• Stipules!

• Pinnate compound leaves

• HYPANTHIUM!!

Rosaceae

• 5-merous

• Stamens:

  • Diadelphous (9 fused, 1 free)

  • 10 unfused

• Fruit: Legumes

Fabaceae

• Opposite leaves

• Swollen nodes

• Blade + claw petals!!

• 5-merous

• Deeply-lobed/notched petals

• Fruit: Capsule

Caryophyllaceae

• 2 calyx-like bracteoles

• 5 tepals

• Stamens 4-6

• Carpels 3-8

• Fruit: Capsule

• Leaves:

  • Succulent-like sometimes

  • Perfoliate sometimes

Montiaceae

• 3 FUSED CARPELS

• Translucent webbing

• 5 connate petals

• 3-lobed stigma

• TUBE-like petals

Polemoniaceae

• Covered in stiff hairs

• Epipetalous stamens

• 4 nutlets

• Helicoid or scorpoid cyme

• Corona or "crown" at corolla opening

Boraginaceae

• Helicoid cyme

• Leaves:

  • Unlobed or

  • Deeply pinnatifid

• 5 connate petals

• Exserted stamens!!

Hydrophyllaceae

• Poricidal anthers

• Connivant anthers

• Funnel/trumpet shaped!!

• Fruit:

  • Berry or capsule

Solanaceae

• Leaves:

  • Opposite

• Bracts that look like petals!

• Nectar disk

• Inferior ovary

Cornaceae

• Urn-shaped corollas

• Highly fused petals

• Leaves:

  • Thick and leathery

• Horn-like appendages on anthers

• Capitate stigma

Ericaceae

• Square-shaped stems

• Aromatic!

• Leaves

  • Opposite and decussate

  • Sometimes whorled

• No stipules

• Flowers:

  • Bilabiate (2 upper, 3 lower lobes)

  • Stamens and stigma in UPPER LIP

• Stamens

  • Didynamous (2 long + 2 short)

• Fruit:

  • 4 nutlets

Lamiaceae

• Leaves: Various

• Zygomorphic

• Often bilabiate

• Stamens:

  • Didynamous (2 long + 2 short)

  • Sometimes 2 stamens only

• Fruit:

  • Many-seeded capsule (distinguishes from Lamiaceae!!)

• Pretty erect?

Plantaginaceae

• Capitulum "Head"

  • Surrounded by involucral bracts

  • Flowers attached to a receptacle

  • Receptacles may have scales/chaff

• Whole structure acts like one flower

• Fruit: Achene

Asteraceae

• Leaves:

  • Opposite

  • Simple

  • No stipules

• Weakly bilateral

  • 2 upper + 3 lower lobes

  • OR 4 upper + 1 lower

• Flowers often in 2s

• Nectar spur at base of corolla

• Inferior ovary

Caprifoliaceae

• Umbel or compound umbels

• Pseudanthium "false flower"

• Fruit: Schizocarp

• Sheathing leaf bases

• 5-parted flowers

• May have 2 fused nectaries above ovary

Apiaceae

• Bulbous or rhizomatous geophytes

• LARGE flowers

• 6 tepals (spotted)

• Nectaries on/at base of tepals

• 6 stamens

Liliaceae

• Leaves:

  • Equitant w/ unifacial blade

• Flowers:

  • Actinomorphic or zygomorphic

  • Petaloid style w/ stigma flap

  • 3 stamens

  • One or two large bracts

• Fruit:

  • Capsule

Iridaceae

• Epiphytic/terrestrial

• Pseudobulbs

• Flower:

  • Zygomorphic

  • Resupinate (flower flipped upside down)

  • Labellum, column (pistil and stamens adnate)

    • Lower tepal

  • Pollinia (pollen grouped)

  • Stamens 1(-3)

• Inferior ovary

• Erect!

Orchidaceae

• Stem: Round and solid

• Leaves:

  • 3-ranked

  • Simple and parallel venation

  • Sheath and blade

• Flower:

  • Highly branched, terminal inflorescence

  • Actinomorphic

  • 6 tepals (2 whorls, distinct)

  • 3-6 stamens

  • 3 connate carpel

Juncaceae

• Stem: Triangular in cross section

• Leaves:

  • Alternate

  • 3-ranked

  • Sheath closed

• Inflorescence:

  • Spikelet subtended by a single bract

• Flowers:

  • Perigynium

  • Tepals lacking or highly reduced

  • Stamens 1-3

  • Carpels 2-3 connate

  • Styles 3

Cyperaceae

• Stem: Round and hollow

  • Jointed (swollen and solid at node)

• Leaves:

  • Alternate

  • 2-ranked

  • Sheath tightly encircling the stem

• Inflorescence:

  • Spikelet

  • 2 glumes (bracts)

    • Lemma

    • Palea

  • 2-3 fused carpels

Poaceae

• Leaves:

  • Alternate

  • Simple

• Spadix, appendix, spathe

• Monoecious

• Tepals reduced

Araceae