lower leg muscles

gastrocnemius action

knee flexion, plantar flex ankle

gastrocnemius origin

condyles of femur, posterior surfaces

gastrocnemius insertion

calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

gastrocnemius nerve innervation

tibial

soleus action

plantar flex the ankle

soleus origin

soleal line; proximal posterior surface of tibia and posterior surface of head of fibula

soleus insertion

calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

soleus nerve innervation

tibial

plantaris action

weak plantar flexion of ankle, weak flexion of the knee

plantaris origin

lateral supracondylar line of femur

plantaris insertion

calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

plantaris nerve innervation

tibial

popliteus action

medially rotate the flexed knee, flex the knee

popliteus origin

lateral condyle of femur

popliteus insertion

proximal, posterior aspect of tibia

popliteus nerve innervation

tibial

peroneus (fibularis) longus action

evert the foot, assist to plantar flex the ankle

peroneus (fibularis) longus origin

head of fibula and proximal 2/3 of lateral fibula

peroneus (fibularis) longus insertion

base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

peroneus (fibularis) longus nerve innervation

superficial peroneal (fibular)

peroneus (fibularis) brevis action

evert the foot, assist to plantar flex the ankle

peroneus (fibularis) brevis origin

distal 2/3 of lateral fibula

peroneus (fibularis) brevis insertion

tuberosity of fifth metatarsal

peroneus (fibularis) brevis nerve innervation

superficial peroneal (fibular)

tibialis anterior action

invert the foot, dorsiflex the ankle

tibialis anterior origin

lateral condyle of tibia; proximal lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane

tibialis anterior insertion

medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal

tibialis anterior nerve innervation

deep peroneal (fibular)

extensor digitorum longus action

extend 2nd-5th toes, dorsiflex the ankle, evert the foot

extensor digitorum longus origin

lateral condyle of tibia; proximal anterior shaft of fibula and interosseous membrane

extensor digitorum longus insertion

middle and distal phalanges of 2nd-5th toes

extensor digitorum longus nerve innervation

deep peroneal (fibular)

extensor hallucis longus action

extend 1st toe, dorsiflex ankle, invert foot

extensor hallucis longus origin

middle anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

extensor hallucis longus insertion

distal phalanx of 1st toe

extensor hallucis longus nerve innervation

deep peroneal (fibular)

tibialis posterior action

invert the foot, plantarflex the ankle

tibialis posterior origin

proximal posterior shafts of tibia and fibula, interosseous membrane

tibialis posterior insertion

all 5 tarsal bones and bases of 2nd-4th metatarsals

tibialis posterior nerve innervation

tibial

flexor digitorum longus action

flex 2nd-5th toes, weak plantar flexion of ankle, invert the foot

flexor digitorum longus origin

middle posterior surface of tibia

flexor digitorum longus insertion

distal phalanges of 2nd-5th toes

flexor digitorum longus nerve innervation

tibial

flexor hallucis longus action

flex the 1st toe, weak plantar flexion of ankle, invert the foot

flexor hallucis longus origin

middle half of posterior fibula

flexor hallucis longus insertion

distal phalanx of 1st toe

flexor hallucis longus nerve innervation

tibial

extensor digitorum brevis action

extend the second through fourth toes

extensor digitorum brevis origin

dorsal surface of calcaneus

extensor digitorum brevis insertion

second through fourth toes via the extensor digitorum longus tendons

extensor digitorum brevis nerve innervation

deep fibular

flexor digitorum brevis action

flex middle phalanges of the second through fifth toes

flexor digitorum brevis origin

medial process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis

flexor digitorum brevis insertion

middle phalanges of second through fifth toes

flexor digitorum brevis nerve innervation

tibial

abductor hallucis action

abduct the 1st toe, assist to flex 1st toe

abductor hallucis origin

medial process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis

abductor hallucis insertion

proximal phalanx of 1st toe adn medial sesamoid bone

abductor hallucis nerve innervation

tibial

abductor digiti minimi action

flex the 5th toe, assist to abduct 5th toe

abductor digiti minimi origin

lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis

abductor digiti minimi insertion

proximal phalanx of 5th toe (lateral)

abductor digiti minimi nerve innervation

tibial

extensor hallucis brevis action

extend first toe

extensor hallucis brevis origin

dorsal surface of calcaneus

extensor hallucis brevis insertion

proximal phalanx of first toe

extensor hallucis brevis nerve innervation

deep fibular

flexor hallucis brevis action

flex the first toe

flexor hallucis brevis origin

plantar surface of cuboid and lateral cuneiform

flexor hallucis brevis insertion

medial and lateral surfaces of base of proximal phalanx of first toe

flexor hallucis brevis nerve innervation

tibial

adductor hallucis action

adduct the 1st toe, assist to maintain transverse arch of foot, assist to flex 1st toe

adductor hallucis origin

oblique head: bases of 2nd-4th metatarsals

trans. head: plantar ligament of 3rd-5th mp joints

adductor hallucis insertion

lateral surface of base of proximal phalanx of 1st toe

adductor hallucis nerve innervation

tibial

flexor digiti minimi brevis action

flex 5th toe

flexor digiti minimi brevis origin

base of 5th metatarsal

flexor digiti minimi brevis insertion

base of proximal phalanx of 5th toe

flexor digiti minimi brevis nerve innervation

tibial