Chapter 21 AP World

In contrast to Russia, the communist revolution in China

focused on building peasant support in the countryside.

Which of the following made modernization more difficult in China than in Russia?

The larger population in China

Which of the following was a feature common in both Soviet and Chinese policies toward women?

They were largely state-directed.

Which of the following reflects aspects of the Chinese Communist Party's strategy on its revolutionary path to power?

Land reform and guerrilla warfare

What did the Russian and Chinese revolutions share in common with the French Revolution?

A vision of the good society in a modernizing future

In contrast to China, the collectivization of agriculture in the Soviet Union

was marked by extensive violence and the execution or deportation of wealthier peasants.

Which of the following was a criticism of the Soviet model of industrialization made by Chinese leaders in the mid-1950s?

It promoted individualistic and careerist values.

In what respect did the communist movements in the twentieth century depart from Marxist theory?

They occurred in largely agrarian societies.

What was the end result of Mao's two great campaigns—the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution?

The death and ruin of tens of millions, and the widespread discrediting of communism

How did the cold war affect countries emerging from colonial rule in the second half of the twentieth century?

Both the United States and the Soviet Union gave them military and economic aid in the hope of gaining their support.

Which of the following contributed to American global influence in the decades following World War II?

A productive economy in a country untouched by the destruction of war

Which of the following describes relations among those countries controlled by communist parties?

Divisive conflict undermined any sense of communist solidarity.

Which of the following contributed to the failure of Soviet reforms to strengthen socialism and revive a stagnant economy?

The planned economy was dismantled before a functioning market-based system could emerge.

What was the result of the reforms instituted under the leadership of Deng Xiaoping in China in the 1980s?

Rapid economic growth based on capitalist models

What effect did the Soviet policy of glasnost have on the communist countries in Eastern Europe?

It sparked demonstrations that toppled the communist states in Eastern Europe.

What did the different expressions of global communism in the twentieth century share in common?

A common ideology derived from European Marxism

Which of the following refers to the military alliance that united the Soviet Union with Eastern European communist states against Western capitalist countries during the cold war?

The Warsaw Pact

Which of the following contributed to the outbreak of the Russian Revolution?

The pressures of World War I

Which of the following promises made by the Bolsheviks resonated with the majority of the Russian population in 1917?

Worker control of factories

Which of the following contributed to the Bolsheviks' victory in the Russian civil war?

The divisions among their opponents

Which of the following was a value emphasized in the socialist modernity of communist states?

Equality

Which of the following was a feature of most communist states?

Mass organizations controlled by the Communist Party

Which of the following events in China was most similar to the search for "enemies of the people" in the Soviet Terror of the late 1930s?

The Cultural Revolution

Which of the following reflects a consequence of the policy of glasnost in the Soviet Union not intended by the leadership in Moscow?

Leaders of nationalist movements accused the Soviet leadership of treating non-Russian areas as colonies to be exploited.

Which of the following countries was an arena for a hot war between Soviet-backed communist forces and U.S.-backed resistance forces?

Afghanistan

The tensions of the cold war strengthened the influence of which of the following on the governments of the United States and the Soviet Union?

The military-industrial complex

Which of the following occurred in the wake of the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of communism?

Open conflict among different ethnic groups living within the same state

In the twenty-first century, international tensions born of communism remain in

East Asia and the Caribbean.

Which of the following was a feature of both Soviet and Chinese reforms in the 1980s and 1990s?

Welcoming foreign investment in joint enterprises

Still learning (5)

You've started learning these terms. Keep it up!