biopsychosocial 2B

Psychological Development

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An individual’s cognitive, emotional, and social growth over time. It encompasses thoughts, feelings, social abilities, personality traits, temperaments, skills, and passions developed over a lifespan.

Biopsychosocial Model

A holistic framework for understanding the human experience in terms of the influence of biological, psychological, and social factors. Created by George Engel in 1977 to challenge the traditional medical model focused solely on biological factors.

Biological Factors

Genetic and/or physiologically based factors that influence development. Examples include genetic predispositions, medications, nutrition, sleep, exercise, hormones, and diseases.

Psychological Factors

Factors relating to a person’s mind, thoughts, or feelings. Examples include attitudes or beliefs, emotions, personality, memories, thoughts, and self-esteem.

Social Factors

Factors relating to a person’s relationships or external environment. Examples include relationships, culture, socioeconomic status, education, physical environment, and social support.

Genetic Predisposition

An increased likelihood of developing certain traits or disorders based on genetic makeup.

Mental Wellbeing

An individual’s current psychological state, involving their ability to think, process information, and regulate emotions.

Holistic Health

A comprehensive approach to health that considers the whole person, including physical, mental, and social well-being, rather than just focusing on symptoms of disease.

Nature vs. Nurture Debate

A longstanding discussion regarding the relative contributions of genetic inheritance (nature) and environmental factors (nurture) to human development.

Hereditary Factors

Traits and characteristics inherited genetically from parents, influencing physical and psychological aspects of an individual.

Environmental Factors

External influences from an individual’s surroundings, such as family, culture, education, and social interactions, impacting psychological development and well-being.

Psychotherapy

A treatment method for mental health issues involving psychological techniques, typically involving conversations between a therapist and a client.

Socioeconomic Status

An individual's or family's economic and social position in relation to others, based on income, education, and occupation, influencing access to resources and opportunities.

Creativity and the Biopsychosocial Model

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Creativity may be influenced by biological factors (brain wiring), psychological factors (open personality), and social factors (exposure to music and art, friendships with creative individuals).

Anxiety and the Biopsychosocial Model

Anxiety can be caused by biological factors (lack of sleep), psychological factors (thinking about worst-case scenarios), and social factors (stress from school assessments). Addressing these factors can improve mental wellbeing.

Strength of the Biopsychosocial Model

The model emphasizes that mental wellbeing and psychological development result from the interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors, providing a comprehensive approach to understanding and treating mental health issues.