The Soviet Union and Eastern Europe.

What is a "Satellite State"?

A country that is officially independent but controlled by another (USSR).

What were "Salami Tactics"?

Getting rid of opposition bit-by-bit

How did the USSR take Poland (1947)?

By rigging elections and arresting 50,000 anti-communist activists.

What happened in Hungary (1947)?

Communists used the secret police to execute or imprison opponents.

What was the 1948 "Czechoslovakian Coup"?

The last democracy in the East fell; the Foreign Minister was found dead.

Why did the Czech Coup shock the West?

Czechoslovakia had been a strong democracy and a bridge between East and West.

Define "Cominform"

An organisation to coordinate all European Communist parties. |

Define "Comecon"

The Soviet economic group to counter the Marshall Plan.

Why did the Red Army stay in Eastern Europe?

To ensure "friendly" governments were in place to protect the USSR.

What was "Dollar Imperialism"?

The Soviet term for the Marshall Plan (buying control of Europe).

How did Bulgaria fall to Communism (1945)?

A left-wing coalition took over, then the Communists executed other leaders.

How did Romania fall to Communism (1945)?

The Soviets forced the King to appoint a Communist Prime Minister.

Why was Yugoslavia different?

It was Communist but Tito refused to follow Stalin's orders.

What was the "People's Democracy"?

The term Communists used for their one-party states.

How did Stalin view Eastern Europe?

As a "Buffer Zone" to protect Russia from the West. |

What was the "Secret Police" role?

To hunt down, torture, and execute "enemies of the state."

Define "nationalisation"

When the state takes over private businesses; standard in satellite states.

Why did the USA feel the Yalta agreements were broken?

Because Stalin suppressed free elections in Poland, Romania, and Bulgaria.

What was the 1947 "Truman Doctrine"?

The US pledge to help any country resisting Communism.

What was the 1948 "Marshall Plan"?

$13 billion in aid to rebuild Europe and make Communism less attractive.

Why did Stalin forbid his satellites from taking Marshall Aid?

He didn't want them depending on the USA.

What was the "Two Camps" Doctrine?

Zhdanov's idea that the world was split into "Imperialist" (USA) and "Democratic" (USSR).

How did the USSR view the UN in 1946?

As a tool for US imperialism.

What was the impact of Soviet expansion on US public opinion?

It convinced Americans that Stalin was just like Hitler—an expansionist dictator.

What was the "Red Army's" reputation in the East?

Fear and resentment; they were seen as occupiers, not liberators.