supplements

ch 49, 60

colloid/volume expander: albumin

moa: maintains osmotic pressure in the plasma

i: shock, hemorrhage, burns

s/e: fluid overload (pulmonary edema), HTN

nc: assess sx of fluid overload

calcium supplements: calcium carbonate/citrate/gluconate

moa: helps w/ bone/teeth formation, nerve/muscle fxn, clotting

i: hypocalcemia, prevention of post-menopausal osteoporosis

s/e: constipation, bradycardia

magnesium supplements: magnesium chloride/gluconate/oxide

moa: helps w/ nerve & muscle fxn, slows uterine contractions

i: hypomagnesemia, preterm labor, pre-eclampsia, torsades de pointes

s/e: mg toxicity, hypotension

nc: monitor for sx of toxicity, calcium gluconate is the antidote for mg toxicity

garlic, gingko biloba

moa: antiplatelet, antioxidant

i: cv health, mild cognitive support

s/e: bleeding

st john’s wort

moa: increases serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine reuptake inhibition

i: depression, mood support

s/e: serotonin syndrome

valerian root

moa: enhances GABA activity, mild sedative

i: insomnia, anxiety

s/e: drowsiness, dizziness

saw palmetto

moa: inhibits 5-alpha-reductase, androgenic fx

i: BPH sx

s/e: decreased libido

ashwagandha

moa: lowers cortisol

i: stress, fatigue, wellness support

s/e: thyroid fx

echinacea

moa: stimulates immune cell activity

i: immune support, prevents cold

s/e: allergic rxn

milk thistle

moa: supports liver cell membrane stabilization

i: liver support

s/e: rare liver toxicity

chamomile

moa: binds to GABA receptors, mild sedative/antispasmodic

i: anxiety, insomnia

s/e: drowsiness, increased bleeding risk

ginger

moa: inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, promotes GI motility

i: nv, osteoarthritis pain

s/e: heartburn, increased bleeding risk

coenzyme q-10

moa: supports mitochondrial energy production

i: HF, HTN, statin-associated myopathy

s/e: insomnia, low BP

evening primrose

moa: provides GLA, antiinflammatory

i: premenstrual/menopausal sx, breast pain, eczema

s/e: increased bleeding risk, headache

cranberry

moa: pranthocyanidins inhibit bacterial adhesion in urinary tract

i: UTI prevention

s/e: kidney stone risk

feverfew

moa: inhibits platelet aggregation, antiinflammatory

i: migraine prevention

s/e: mouth ulcers, increased bleeding risk

eucalyptus

moa: reduces airway inflammation, expectorant/decongestant

i: cough, nasal congestion, upper respiratory symptom relief

s/e: skin irritation

kava kava

moa: enhances GABA activity, anxiolytic/sedative

i: anxiety, stress relief, sleep support

s/e: drowsiness, hepatotoxicity