[IC FINALS] L6: Industrial Counseling Modalities

Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) and In-house Counseling

Examples of short-term modalities in workplace interventions

Clinical CBT

CBT vs. CBC (Cognitive Behavioral Coaching)

• Treats clinical psychopathology (e.g. Major Depression, PTSD). Looks at childhood schemas.

Industrial CBC

CBT vs. CBC (Cognitive Behavioral Coaching)

• Enhances well-being, manages workplace stress, and improves performance in non-clinical populations. Looks at current work habits.

Aaron Beck

Who is the proponent of CBT / CBC?

Cognitive Behavioral Coaching

Aaron Beck’s ____________ approach posits that it is not the event that causes distress, but the individual's interpretation of the event.

Cognitive Distortions

• Irrational, automatic, and habitual thought patterns that warp reality, often leading to increased anxiety, depression, and self-loathing.

• These distorted thoughts often manifest when stressed or as part of cognitive vulnerability to mental health conditions.

All or Nothing Thinking

Cognitive Distortions

• You look at things in absolute, black and white categories.

• Ex. “If my annual performance evaluation isn’t a perfect 5/5, it means I’m a complete failure at this job.”

Overgeneralization

Cognitive Distortions

• You view a negative event as a never-ending pattern of defeat.

• Ex. "I didn't close that sale today. I'm

  never going to hit my quota. I always mess up my pitches."

Mental Filter

Cognitive Distortions

• You dwell on the negatives and ignore the positives.

• Ex. "Did you see the boss's feedback? He pointed out a formatting error on page two. The whole report is ruined." (Even though the boss praised the actual financial analysis).

Discounting the positives

Cognitive Distortions

• You insist that your accomplishments or positive qualities “don’t count.”

• Ex. “Yeah, they gave me the 'Employee of the Month' award, but that's just because it was my turn in the rotation. It doesn't mean I actually did well."

Jumping to conclusions

Cognitive Distortions

• A. Mind Reading - you assume that people are reacting negatively to you when there’s no definite evidence for this.

• B. Fortune Telling - you arbitrarily predict things will turn out badly.

• Ex. "My manager just replied 'Noted' to my email. He's definitely angry with me and thinks I'm incompetent."

Magnification or Minimization

Cognitive Distortions

• You blow things way out of proportion or you shrink their importance inappropriately.

• Ex. "I was five minutes late to the Zoom meeting. My reputation is permanently destroyed."

Emotional Reasoning

Cognitive Distortions

• You reason from how you feel: “I feel like an idiot, so I really must be one.” or “I don’t feel like doing this, so I’ll put it off.”

• Ex. "I feel completely overwhelmed and stupid right now looking at this spreadsheet, so I really must be unqualified for this promotion."

“Should Statements”

Cognitive Distortions

• You criticize yourself or other people with “shoulds” or “shouldn’ts”, “musts”, “oughts”, “have tos” are similar offenders.

• Ex. "I should be able to handle a 60-hour work week without complaining. I must never ask for help because it makes me look weak."

Labeling

Cognitive Distortions

• You identify with your shortcomings. Instead of saying, “I made a mistake,” you tell yourself, “I’m a jerk,” or “a fool,” or “a loser.”

Personalization and Blame

Cognitive Distortions

• You blame yourself for something you weren’t entirely responsible for, or you blame other people and overlook ways that your own attitudes and behavior might contribute to a problem.

Personalization and Blame

Cognitive Distortions

• The client canceled the contract. It's all my fault because I didn't smile enough during the pitch." (Even though the client company actually went bankrupt).

• "I missed the deadline entirely because IT took an hour to fix my laptop." (Overlooking that they had two weeks to start the project).

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy

• Developed by Steven C. Hayes, ________ does not try to change or stop negative thoughts. It changes our relationship with them.

• The ability to stay in the present moment, fully aware of emotions, and change or persist in behavior based on chosen values.

Steven C. Hayes

Who is the proponent of ACT?

Bond and Bunce (2000)

______________ demonstrated that workplace ACT training increases mental health and innovation.