Clinical View: Hypertension and Hypotension
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14 Terms
What is hypertension?
Chronically elevated blood pressure.
What defines Stage 1 hypertension?
Systolic >130 mm Hg and/or diastolic >80 mm Hg.
What defines Stage 2 hypertension?
Greater than 140/90 mm Hg.
Why is hypertension dangerous?
It can damage blood vessel walls.
How does hypertension increase the risk of atherosclerosis?
Damaged vessel walls make plaque buildup more likely.
What is arteriolosclerosis?
Hardening of arteriole walls.
How does hypertension affect arterioles?
It can cause them to harden.
What major condition can result from hypertension?
Heart failure.
What is hypotension?
Chronically low blood pressure.
What are symptoms of hypotension?
Fatigue, dizziness, and fainting.
What blood pressure values define hypotension?
Systolic <90 mm Hg and/or diastolic <60 mm Hg.
What is orthostatic hypotension?
A drop in blood pressure after sudden standing.
What symptoms occur with orthostatic hypotension?
Dizziness, light-headedness, and fainting.
Why does orthostatic hypotension occur?
Blood pressure regulation is not fast enough when standing.
