CHMB42 Reactions

Halogenation

Use Cl2 and FeCl3 OR Br2 and FeBr3

Nitration

Use HNO3 (nitric acid) and H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) = for nitro group (NO2)

Amine (NH2)

Use Fe or Sn and HCl

Sulfonation (reversible)

Use SO3 and H2SO4 OR just H2SO4

De-sulfonate

H2SO4 and H20, heat OR H3O+ and reflux

Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene

R-Cl and AlCl3

Substitutes an alkyl group for a hydrogen of benzene

Friedel-Crafts Acylation

Acyl group and AlCl3

Clemmensen Reduction

Zn and HCl

C=O to CH2

Wolff-Kishner Reduction

H2NNH2, HO-, heat

C=O to CH2

Hydrogenation

H2, Pd/C

Gatterman-Koch Reaction

CO, HCl, high pressure

To add aldehyde

Dehydration

H2SO4 and heat OR H3O+ and heat

E2

Use KOtBu

SN1 and/or E1

Use H2O

SN2 and/or E2

Use NaOEt

SN2

Use PhS-

Jones Reagent

CrO3, H2SO4, H2O, acetone = strong

PCC (Pyridium chlorochromate)

Use PCC, CH2Cl2 = mild

Halogen/Base

Use Br2, NaHCO3, acetone = mild

Use Br2, NaHCO3, acetone, water = stronger