Las clausulas si and Spanish Verb Tenses

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Vocabulary and formula flashcards covering Spanish "if" clauses, verb tense endings (present, preterite, imperfect, future, conditional), and perfect tenses based on the provided lecture notes.

Last updated 8:04 PM on 5/10/26
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40 Terms

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Type A "If" Clause Formula

If + indicative, indicative (except conditional or conditional perfect).

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Type B "If" Clause Formula

If + past subjunctive, conditional (Key words: would/could).

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Type C "If" Clause Formula

If + past subjunctive perfect (had done something), conditional perfect (would have done something).

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Present Tense -ER endings

o-o, es-es, e-e, emos-emos, eˊis-éis, en-en

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Present Tense -AR endings

o-o, as-as, a-a, amos-amos, aˊis-áis, an-an

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Present Tense -IR endings

o-o, es-es, e-e, imos-imos, ıˊs-ís, en-en

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Irregular Present Tense: Ser

soy, eres, es, somos, sois, son

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Irregular Present Tense: Ir

voy, vas, va, vamos, vais, van

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Irregular Present Tense: Ver

veo, ves, ve, vemos, veis, ven

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Irregular Present Tense: Conocer

conozco, conoces, conoce, conocemos, conocéis, conocen

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Future Tense Formation

Taking the infinitive and adding the future endings: eˊ, aˊs-ás, aˊ, emos-emos, eˊis-éis, aˊn-án.

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Future/Conditional Irregular: Decir

dir-

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Future/Conditional Irregular: Hacer

har-

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Future/Conditional Irregular: Poner

pondr-

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Future/Conditional Irregular: Querer

querr-

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Future/Conditional Irregular: Saber

sabr-

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Future/Conditional Irregular: Salir

saldr-

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Preterite Tense -AR endings

eˊ, aste-aste, oˊ, amos-amos, asteis-asteis, aron-aron

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Preterite Tense -ER/-IR endings

ıˊ, iste-iste, ioˊ-ió, imos-imos, isteis-isteis, ieron-ieron

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Irregular Preterite Stem: Andar

anduv-

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Irregular Preterite Stem: Estar

estuv-

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Irregular Preterite Stem: Tener

tuv-

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Irregular Preterite Stem: Poder

pud-

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Irregular Preterite Stem: Querer

quis-

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Irregular Preterite Stem: Decir

dij-

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Preterite car/gar/zar rules (Yo form)

car -> queˊ-qué; gar -> gueˊ-gué; zar -> ceˊ-cé

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Imperfect Tense -AR endings

aba-aba, abas-abas, aba-aba, aˊbamos-ábamos, abais-abais, aban-aban

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Imperfect Tense -ER/-IR endings

ıˊa-ía, ias-ias, ıˊa-ía, ıˊamos-íamos, ıˊais-íais, ıˊan-ían

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Imperfect Irregulars

Ser (era), Ir (iba), Ver (veía)

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Past Subjunctive Formation

  1. Start with the 3rd person plural preterite form. 2. Chop off the "-ron". 3. Add endings: ra-ra, ras-ras, ra-ra, ramos-'ramos, rais-rais, ran-ran
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Conditional Tense Formation

Attach the endings ıˊa-ía, ıˊas-ías, ıˊa-ía, ıˊamos-íamos, ıˊais-íais, ıˊan-ían to the INFINITIVE of the verb.

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El Perfecto Presente (Present Perfect)

Haber (he, has, ha, hemos, habéis, han) + Past Participle ($-ado / -ido$); Means "have/has done something."

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El Perfecto Pasado (Past Perfect)

Haber (había, habías, había, habíamos, habíais, habían) + Past Participle ($-ado / -ido$); Means "had done something."

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Irregular Past Participle: Abrir

abierto

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Irregular Past Participle: Cubrir

cubierto

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Irregular Past Participle: Escribir

escrito

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Irregular Past Participle: Morir

muerto

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Irregular Past Participle: Poner

puesto

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Past Subjunctive Perfect Tense

Haber (hubiera, hubieras, hubiera, hubiéramos, hubierais, hubieran) + Past Participle.

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Conditional Perfect Tense

Haber (habría, habrías, habría, habríamos, habríais, habrían) + Past Participle.