Ulcer, Sinus & Fistula

Flashcards related to the definitions and classifications of ulcers, sinuses, and fistulas, as well as associated management and causes.

Sinus

A blind-ending tract that connects to a cavity lined with granulation tissue, often leading to discharge.

Classification of sinus

Sinuses can be classified as congenital or acquired, based on their development.

Pilonidal sinus

A sinus containing a tuft of hair, commonly located in the natal cleft or axilla.

Causes of persistent sinus

Factors such as foreign bodies, necrotic tissue, and inadequate drainage that prevent healing.

Chronic discharging sinus

A type of sinus characterized by recurrent discharge, tenderness, and possible thickening of surrounding tissue.

Examination of sinus

Includes inspection, palpation, and investigations to determine discharge nature and potential foreign bodies.

Fistula

An abnormal tract connecting two epithelial surfaces, either external (external fistula) or internal (internal fistula).

Classification of fistula

Fistulas are classified as congenital vs. acquired and can be external or internal based on their characteristics.

Enterocutaneous fistula

An abnormal communication between intestinal epithelium and skin, often leading to external drainage of intestinal contents.

Management of fistula

Involves excision of the fistulous tract and specific treatment for underlying causes, such as malignancy or tuberculosis.

Urinary fistula

A type of fistula that may occur due to conditions like a patent urachus, leading to abnormal urinary discharge.

Chronic illness

Conditions such as diabetes mellitus that can lead to the persistence of sinuses and fistulas.”},{