Common Polyatomic Ions

NH₄⁺

Ammonium: a positively charged polyatomic ion formed from ammonia, containing one nitrogen and four hydrogen atoms.

NO₂-

Nitrite: a negatively charged polyatomic ion consisting of one nitrogen atom and two oxygen atoms.

NO₃⁻

Nitrate: a polyatomic ion consisting of one nitrogen atom and three oxygen atoms, carrying a net negative charge of -1.

SO₃²⁻

Sulfite: a polyatomic ion consisting of one sulfur atom and three oxygen atoms with an overall charge of -2.

SO₄²⁻

Sulfate: a highly stable polyatomic anion, consists of one sulfur atom bonded to four oxygen atoms, and carries an overall charge of -2.

HSO₄⁻

(Di)Hydrogen Sulfate: a central sulfur atom is surrounded by four oxygen atoms and has an overall charge of -1.

OH-

Hydroxide: a negatively charged (-1) ion made of one oxygen atom and one hydrogen atom.

CN-

Cyanide: an anion composed of one carbon atom and one nitrogen atom, with a net negative charge of -1.

PO₄³⁻

Phosphate: One phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms with a net charge of -3.

HPO4²⁻

Hydrogen Phosphate: one hydrogen, one phosphorus, and four oxygen atoms with a -2 charge.

CO3²⁻

Carbonate: made of one carbon atom and three oxygen atoms, carrying an overall charge of -2.

HCO₃⁻

Hydrogen Carbonate: one carbon atom, three oxygen atoms, one hydrogen atom with a net charge of -1.

ClO-

Hypochlorite: A single chlorine atom covalently bonded to an oxygen atom, carrying a net negative charge of -1.

ClO₂⁻

Chlorite: a negatively charged chlorine anion consisting of one chlorine atom bonded to two oxygen atoms. Net charge of -1.

ClO₃^-

Chlorate: composed of one chlorine atom and three oxygen atoms. Overall net charge of -1.

ClO₄-

Perchlorate: a highly reactive polyatomic anion consisting of one central chlorine atom bonded to four oxygen atoms, with a net charge of -1.

C₂H₃O₂-

Acetate: It contains 24 valence electrons and features a carboxylate group attached to a methyl group, usually carrying a -1 charge. It is the conjugate base of acetic acid.

MnO_4-

Permanganate: is a highly reactive, ion composed of one manganese atom surrounded by four oxygen atoms. The overall charge of the ion is -1.

Cr₂O₇²⁻

Dichromate: consists of two chromium atoms bonded to seven oxygen atoms. The net charge of the dichromate ion is -2.

CrO₄²⁻

Chromate: consists of one central chromium (Cr) atom bonded to four oxygen (O) atoms. The net charge is -2.

O₂²⁻

Peroxide: consisting of two oxygen atoms with an overall net charge of -2.