Quiz 1: Dysphagia Summer 2026

Orbicularis Oris

closes, opens, protrudes, inverts, and twists lips; CN VII

Zygomaticus Minor

draws upper lip upward and outward; CN VII (Facial)

zygomaticus Major

Draws upper lip upward; draws angle of mouth upward and backward (smiling muscle); CN VII (facial)

intrinsic tongue muscles

inferior longitudinal fibers

superior longitudinal fibers

transverse fibers

vertical fibers

inferior longitudinal fibers

(intrinsic) shortens tongue and pulls tip downward; CN XII

superior longitudinal fibers

(intrinsic) shortens superior aspect of tongue and pulls tip upward; CN XII

transverse fibers

(intrinsic) narrows and elongates the tongue; CN XII

vertical fibers

(intrinsic) flattens the tongue; CN XII (hypoglossal)

extrinsic tongue muscles

hypoglossus

genioglossus

styloglossus

palatoglossus

hypoglossus

(extrinsic) tongue depression, CN XII (hypoglossal)

genioglossus

(extrinsic) tongue protrusion and depression; CN XII (hypoglossal)

styloglossus

(extrinsic) elevates tongue up and back; CN XII (hypoglossal)

Palatoglossus

(extrinsic) raises back of tongue during first stage of swallowing; CN X and XI

buccinator

flattens cheeks; holds food in contact with teeth; retracts angle of mouth; CN VII (facial)

Mentalis

pushes up lower lip; raises chin; CN VII (facial)

Risorious

draws corners of angle of mouth outward; CN VII

Masseter

closes mandible; CN V (trigeminal)

Temporalis

closes mandible; retracts mandible; CN V

Medial Pterygoid

opens mandible; protrudes mandible; permits side to side movement; CN V (trigeminal)

Levator Veli Palatini

raises soft palate; CN X(vagus) and XI (accessory)

Tensor Veli Palatini

stretches soft palate; CN V (vagus)

Palatopharyngeus

shuts off nasopharynx during swallow

Uvulae

shortens and raises uvula; CN X (trigeminal) and XI (Accessory)

Suprahyoid Muscles

Mylohyoid

Digastric

Stylohyoid

Geniohyoid

Hyoglossus

Mylohyoid

elevates tongue and floor of mouth; depresses jaw; elevates hyoid; CN V

Digastric

Elevates hyoid bone when contracted depresses mandible

Stylohyoid

elevates and draws hyoid bone posteriorly; elevates tongue base; CN VII (facial)

Geniohyoid

elevates and draws hyoid bone anteriorly; shortens mouth floor; widens pharynx; CN XII

Hyoglossus

tongue depression; CN XII

Infrahyoid Muscles

sternohyoid

omohyoid

sternohyoid

Thyrohyoid

sternohyoid

depresses the hyoid; C1-C3

Omohyoid

depresses the hyoid and larynx; C1-C3

Sternohyoid

depresses the thyroid; C1-C3

Thyrohyoid

depresses hyoid; elevates larynx; CN XII (hypoglossal) and C1

Stylopharyngeus

elevates pharynx and larynx; dilates the pharynx; CN IX

Pharyngeal Constrictors

superior, middle, and inferior; encircle pharynx and contract involuntarily to push food through; CN IX and X

Salpingopharyngeus

shortens and wides the pharynx; CN IX and X

Still learning (7)

You've started learning these terms. Keep it up!

facial

What nerve innervates lips (orbicularis Oris, zygomaticus minor, zygomaticus major)

hypoglossal (except palatoglossus - vagus, accessory)

What nerve innervates the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles

facial

What nerve innervates the cheek (buccinator, mentalis, risorious)

trigeminal

What nerve innervates the muscles of mastication (masseter, tmeporalis, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid)

tongue

What is the most important muscle in the oral phase

vagus and accessory

what nerve innervates levator Veil palatini and uvula

vagus

what muscle innervates the tensor veil palatini

suprahyoid muscles and infrahyoid muscles

extrinsic muscles of the larynx

glossopharyngeal, and vagus for pharyngeal constructors and salpingopharngeus

What innervates the pharyngeal muscles (stylopharyngeus, pharyngeal constrictors, salpingopharyngeus)

high, low

blous moves from ____ pressure to ___ pressure

• Base of tongue partially covers opening to airway

• Bolus is divided through the valleculae at level of the tongue base

• Laryngeal elevation

• Epiglottis inverts over airway

• Arytenoid cartilage closure of laryngeal vestibule

• Closure of false vocal folds

• Closure of true vocal folds

What are the seven layers of airway protection