IMMUNE SYSTEM AND HIV

Active immunity

Immunity that develops in response to an infection or vaccination.

pneumocystis jiroveci

Deadly pneumonia

What is the first line medication for HIV

zidovudine

Passive immunity

Immunity gained by receiving antibodies from another source, such as mother to infant through breast milk.

Humoral immunity

Type of immunity mediated by antibodies found in body fluids.

IgE

Antibody responsible for allergic responses.

IgM

The first antibody produced in response to infection.

IgG

Antibody that provides long-term immunity and is passed to the fetus during pregnancy.

Type 1 hypersensitivity

Immediate allergic response mediated by IgE.

Anaphylaxis

Severe, life-threatening allergic reaction.

Type 2 hypersensitivity

Hypersensitivity against specific cell surfaces or tissues.

Hemolytic transfusion reaction

Type 2 hypersensitivity reaction that occurs during blood transfusions.

Serum sickness

Reactions to proteins in blood, involving IgG that can destroy tissue.

Autoimmune reaction

Immune response against the body’s own cells or tissues.

Systemic lupus erythematosus

An autoimmune disease causing inflammation and an attack on the body, often presenting as a butterfly rash.

Psoriasis

A chronic skin condition characterized by thickened patches of skin and silvery scales.

HIV

A retrovirus that attacks CD4 T cells, leading to immune deficiency.

AIDS

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome diagnosed when CD4 count falls below 200 cells/mm³.

Kaposi sarcoma

A type of cancer associated with AIDS, characterized by lesions.

Opportunistic infection

Infections that occur more frequently in individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with AIDS.

Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP)

Medication taken to reduce the risk of HIV infection.

Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)

Emergency treatment started within 72 hours after potential exposure to HIV.

Corticosteroid

Medication used to lower immune responses in various conditions, including autoimmune disorders.