ZEN Prac 3 - Arthropoda ( Insecta )

What is the phylum of this Prac

Arthropoda

What are the characteristics of the phylum Arthropoda

• jointed legs

• Undergo metamorphosis

• Undergo moulting

• Exoskeleton

What are the characteristics of the class insecta

• Body divided into 3 parts

• 6 legs

• 2 pairs of wings

What are the names of the divided 3 parts of the body ( tagmata )

• head

• Thorax

• Abdomen

How many chewing mouthparts are found in the cricket

4 different mouthparts - 1 mandible, 1 labrum, 2 maxillae, 1 labium

Name this type of mouthparts and give and example

Sponging, e.g housefly

Name this type of mouthparts and give and example

Sucking, e.g butterfly

Name this type of mouthparts and give and example

Chewing, e.g grasshopper

Name this type of mouthparts and give and example

Piercing-sucking, e.g mosquito

Name this type of mouthparts and give and example

Piercing-sucking, e.g cicada

What are the names of the thorax divided into 3 parts

• Prothorax

• Mesothorax

• Metathorax

What are the top plates of the harder plates of the thorax called

Nota ( s.g notum)

What are the side plates of the harder plates of the thorax called

Pleura ( s.g pleuron )

What are the bottom plates of the harder plates of the thorax called

Sterna ( s.g sternum )

Where and how is sound perceived by crickets

Hearing organ found in both front leg tibias and sound is perceived with the tympanum

Name what insect leg this is, its order/s and its function

Saltatorial leg, Orthoptera, jumping leg

Name what insect leg this is, its order/s and its function

Raptor I’ll leg, Mantodea, grabbing leg

Name what insect leg this is, its order/s and its function

Fossorial leg, Coleoptera and Scarabaeidae, digging legs

Name what insect leg this is, its order/s and its function

Clasping leg, Psocodea and Phthiraptera

Name what kind of wing this is and and example of the order it is found in

Scales, e.g Lepidoptera

Name what kind of wing this is and and example of the order it is found in

Nodus, e.g Odonata

Name what kind of wing this is and and example of the order it is found in

Tegmina, e.g Orthoptera

Name what kind of wing this is and and example of the order it is found in

Elytra, e.g Coleoptera

Name what kind of wing this is and and example of the order it is found in

Hemelytra, e.g Hemiptera

Name what kind of wing this is and and example of the order it is found in

Halteres, e.g Diptera

Name what kind of wing this is and and example of the order it is found in

Membranous and biramous, e.g Neuroptera

How do males crickets produce sound

By rubbing their front wings ver each other since the circle ( mirror) on the male wing acts like an amplifier as the plectrum rubs onto the other wing

Name the two plates found in the abdomen

• top plate - tergites

• bottom plate - sternites

What is this in the female insect and what is its purpose

Ovipositor, used to lay eggs with

What is this in a male insect ( commonly found in crickets )and what is its purpose

Cerci, sensory organs

What is metamorphosis

The immature differ from the adults and underg a transformation ( change in appearance) during development

What is the subdivision of Ametabolic development

Apterygota , then equals a metamorphic

What are some characteristics of Ametabolic development

• metamorphosis is absent

• Both immature and adults occupy the same ecological niche

• Altus are primarily wingless

• E.g Order Zygentoma

What is the subdivision of Hemimetabolic development

Exopterygota, equals hemimetamorphic

Characteristics of hemimetabolic development

• adults are winged

• Wings develop externally

• Immature and adults look very similar

What are the two groups of hemimetabolic development

• same ecological niche, e.g Order Orthoptera, Hemiptera

• Different ecological niche, e.g Order Odonata

What is the subdivision of Holometabolic development

Endopterygota, equals holometamorphic

Characteristics of holometablic development

• adults are winged Wings develop

• Winds develop internally in active immature stages

• E.g Order Lepidoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera

What is the main subphylum of the class insecta

Subphylum Hexapoda

Name the subdivision of metamorphosis of fish moths, a characteristic and its order

Apterygota, 3-tail-like appendages and eat dry organic matter, Order Zygentoma

Name the subdivision of metamorphosis of Dragonflies and damselflies , a characteristic and its order

Exopterygota, Nodus/ notch in front margins of 4 transparent ( membranous) wings and predatory, Order Odonata

How do nymphs catch their pray

Modified labium to create a mask

What order do cockroaches and termites belong to

Order Blattodea

What epifamily do cockroaches belong to?

Epifamily Blattoidae

Name one characteristic of the epifamily Blattoidae

Head concealed by shield-like pronotum

What epifamily do termites belong to

Epifamily Termitoidae

Name one characteristic that is in the epifamily Termitoidae

Social insects with a caste system ( reproductive, workers and soldiers)

What order do Praying mantids belong to

Order Mantodea - raptorial front legs to catch prey

What order do grasshoppers and crickets belong to

Order Orthoptera- saltatorial legs for jumping and mostly phytophagous

What is the difference between crickets and grasshoppers

• Crickets- tympanum for hearing on front legs tibia

• Grasshoppers- first abdominal spiracle enlarged to form a tympanum/ hearing organ

What order do earwigs belong to

Order Dermaptera- cerci are enlarged to form pincers t catch prey

What order do lice, book and bark lice belong to

Order Pscodea - wingless, claw-like legs

What group do lice belong to

Phthiraptera

What order do bugs belong to

Order Hemiptera - usually hemeltyra, always piercing-sucking mouthparts

What suborder do bugs belong to

Suborder Heteroptera or Homoptera

What order do beetles belong to

Order Coleoptera - front wings hardened known as elytra

What subdivision is in the order Coleoptera ( Beetles)

Endopterygota, Holometabola

What order do ant lions and lacewings belong to

Order Neuroptera - 4 membranous wings with biramous (forked) veins at the wing margins

What order do fleas belong to

Order Siphonaptera - wingless, ctenidia ( hoarded setae covering body)

What order do flies and mosquitoes belong to

Order Diptera - 1 pair f functional, membranous front wings with hind wings reduced to halters used for balancing

What is the name of this and what disease does it transmit

Musca domestica, transmit salmonella

What is the name of this and what disease does it transmit

Glossing, transmits African sleeping sickness

What is the name of this and what disease does it transmit

Anopheles, transmits malaria

What order do butterflies and moths ( mopani worms )belong to

Order Lepidoptera - wings covered in scales, sucking mouthparts

What order do bees, wasps and ants belong to

Order Hymenoptera, “thread-waisted” = constricted abdomen

What is the name of a honey bee

Apis mellifera