Family Law Exam 1

What are the 6 perspectives that America Values?

-individual over the group

-individual rights over authority

-hard work over handouts

-self-reliance over community

-free market over regulated market

-privacy over government oversight

What institution is driving the future of the US’s human capital?

The quality of its citizens’ family life

Why is receiving family support from the government stigmatized?

Contradicts the “American Dream”; people believe that they should be able to provide for their families without the help of the government

Why is it necessary for the government to step in and create a safety net for families?

Helps to create a sense of stability for families who may have low SES, helps to reduce poverty, tradition values are not attainable

What is outdoor relief?

apprenticing / contracting poor people out to families who could use their help

What is indoor relief?

poor farms, county homes, “old people homes”

What is the Sheppard-Towner Act of 1912?

Institutionalized health aid to mothers by setting up visiting nurses and prenatal clinics

Who was Dorothea Dix and how did she accomplish what she did?

She exposed treatment of intellectual disordered and mentally ill in jails and poor houses; 1843 reports described beatings, tortures, mockery, etc

What 3 institutions emerged during the early 20th century?

-Public School

-Workingmen’s Savings Associations

-Trade Unions to win back worker control over hours and wages

Women pursued suffrage because of what 2 issues?

Demanded vote to protect against alcohol and control public schools

What was the social problem that Charles Brace was trying to address with the Orphan Trains?

There was a massive crisis of thousands of homeless orphaned children and destitute children roaming the streets of New York

How long did Charles Brace’s solution for the Orphan Trains last?

75 years (1854 - 1929)

Why did Charles Brace believe it was good to handle the social problem the way he did?

He felt that industrial institutions stunted children, while rural, Christian family environments offered better nurturing

What famous outlaw was a recipient of Charles Brace’s solution?

Jesse James / Billy the Kid

Are families as important to society as they once were?

Families remain fundamentally important to society, and many work to put the needs and values of the family above others

What are the 4 needs that families are believed to fill?

-build a productive workforce

-create a caring citizenry

-rein in self-interest

-teach about the common good

Who are the 3 stakeholders in family policy?

policymakers, professionals, and the public

What are the 5 barriers in the US to prioritizing families?

1. political distrust

2. rapid demographic changes

3. social and economic inequalities

4. cultural balances

5. inadequate professional preparation

What ideas about policy do those in the “new individualism” support?

Prioritize personal empowerment, self-reinvention, and economic freedom over state intervention

What are the two different sides of the ideological debate over family values?

One side contends changes in family life result from the breakdown of “family values”

One side emphasizes the changing economic reality

What is the feminist view of family?

They view the traditional family as a patriarchal model

-glad that it is diminishing and a more egalitarian division of earning, and childcare is emerging

What are the 5 principles of the family impact lens?

-Family Responsibility

-Family Stability

-Family Relationships

-Family Diversity

-Family Engagement

Family Responsibility

-aims to support the function of the family (partner relationships, economic support, childbearing, and caregiving) as opposed to supplanting the family role

-helps to build the family’s capacity and avoid taking over these responsibilities

Family Stability

-instability impacts children negatively - developmental outcomes are impacted

-adults impacted emotionally and economically

-increases the gap between income and opportunity

policy and practice should reinforce healthy, marital, parental, and family commitments

Family Relationships

-recognize that family ties are powerful and persistent (whether negative or positive)

-healthy families are able to maintain stability while accommodating change

-support the building of string communication skills, conflict resolution strategies, parenting skills, and problem-solving abilities as they are mechanisms for building competence and resilience

Family Diversity

-recognize the impact of contextual factors including culture, family structure, geographical locale, life stage, race/ethnicity, religion, socioeconomic status, and special needs

Family Engagement

-family-centered approaches need to be incorporated into organizations

-relational practices (communicating in a way that treats families with dignity and respect) and participatory practices (involving families in a way that provides choice and input)

-policy and practices should strive to incorporate family voices

How much do renters with incomes below the poverty line spend on housing?

They spend at least half of their income on housing

What is the definition of “Deep Poverty”?

having an income below the half point of the poverty line

-almost 18 million people in America fall into that category (2020)

How many Americans are imprisoned or jailed?

2 million Americans are imprisioned or jailed

-3.7 million are on probation or parole

-the overwhelming majority are very poor

How does poverty undermine long-term planning?

shrinks your ability to plan long-term because your focus is on the latest stressor

How did President Clinton manage funding allotted to the poor in the US?

in the form of block grants with very little guidance as to how states would use it

In 2022, how much did poor families receive from every dollar in the TANF program?

22 cents per dollar

-31.6 billion in federal welfare funding, 7.1 billion was paid to the poor

How are attorneys’ involved in Social Security Disability Insurance?

need to hire an attorney; I the application is approved, Social Security retro pays and attorney collects a portion of this