Nursing assistant care, hartmans 5th edition chapter 3

Ethics

are the knowledge of right or wrong. what you should do

Laws

governments establish laws to help people live peacefully together and to unsure order and safety. what you must do

Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA)

law passed by the federal government that includes minimum standards for nursing assistant training, staffing requirements, resident assessment instructions, and information on rights for residents

minimum data set (MDS)

a detailed form with guidelines for assessing residents in long-term care facilities; also details what to do if resident problems are identified

Residents' Rights

specify how resident must be treated while living in a facility including: 1. Quality of life.

2. Services and activitis to maintin a high level of wellness.

3. The right to be fully informed about rights and services.

4. The right to participate in own care.

5. Right to make independent choices.

6. Right to privacy and confidentiality, dignity, respect and freedom, right to security of possessions. Right to complain, the right to visits.

informed consent

the process in which a person, with the help of a doctor, makes informed decisions about his or her health care

neglect

the failure to provide needed care that results in physical, mental, or emotional harm to a person

Negligence

actions, or the failure to act or provide proper care for a resident, resulting in unintended injury

Malpractice

occurs when a person is injured due to professional misconduct through negligence, carelessness, or lack of skill

abuse

purposeful mistreatment that causes physical, mental, or emotional pain or injury to someone

physical abuse

any treatment, intentional or not, that causes harm to a person's body

psychological abuse

emotional harm caused by threatening, scaring, humiliating, intimidating, isolating, or insulting a person, or by treating him as a child

verbal abuse

the use of spoken or written words, pictures, or gestures that threaten, embarrass, or insult a person

Assault

a threat to harm a person, resulting in the person feeling fearful that he or she will be harmed

Battery

the intentional touching of a person without his or her consent, which may or may not cause harm

sexual abuse

nonconsensual sexual contact of any type

financial abuse

the improper or illegal use of a person's money, possessions, property, or other assets

domestic violence

abuse by spouses, partners, or family members

physical, verbal, or sexual, or emotional

workplace violence

abuse of staff by other staff, residents, or visitors

verbal, physical, or sexual

False Imprisonment

unlawful restraint or restriction of a person's freedom of movement

involuntary seclusion

the separation of a person from others against the person's will

mandated reporters

people who are legally required to report suspected or observed abuse or neglect because they have regular contact with vulnerable populations, such as the elderly in care facilities

Ombudsman

person assigned by law as the legal advocate for residents

Confidentiality

the act of holding information in confidence, not to be released to unauthorized individuals

Protected Health Information (PHI)

information that can be used to identify a person and relates to his or her past, present, or future physical or mental condition, including any health care the patient has had, or payment for that health care

Electronic Health Record (EHR)

the health information technology for economic and clinical health (HITECH) was created to protect this.

advance directives

legal documents that allow people to choose what medical care they wish to have if they are unable to make those decisions themselves

living will

outlines the medical care a person wants, or does not want, in case he or she becomes unable to make those decisions

durable power of attorney for health care

a signed and dated legal document that appoints someone to make the medical decisions for a person in the event he or she becomes unable to do so

Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST)

this order specifies treatments to be used when a person is very ill

Do Not Resuscitate (DNR)

Instructs medical professionals not to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

medical procedures used when a person's heart or lungs have stopped working

Do Not Intubate (DNI)

a medical order that tells medical professionals not to place a breathing tube in a person.

Do Not Hospitalize (DNH)

a medical order that states that a person should not be sent to a hospital for treatment