Neurolinguistics in Second Language Acquisition

A set of vocabulary flashcards summarizing key concepts from the neurolinguistics approach to second language acquisition.

Neurolinguistics

The study of the brain mechanisms underlying the comprehension, production, and acquisition of language, integrating findings from cognitive neuroscience.

Cognitive mechanisms

The mental processes that govern the acquisition of a second language, including attention, memory, and perception.

Plasticity

The brain's ability to change and adapt in response to language experiences, crucial for language acquisition.

Attention

The cognitive process of filtering relevant linguistic stimuli, allowing learners to notice specific language forms.

Working memory

A limited capacity system that temporarily holds information for processing and encoding into long-term memory.

Long-term memory

The storage system that retains information for prolonged periods, encompassing both implicit (procedural) and explicit (declarative) memory.

Noticing hypothesis

A theory positing that learners must consciously notice language forms to effectively acquire a second language.

Synaptic reinforcement

The process where repeated exposure leads to strengthened neural connections, facilitating language learning.

Implicit memory

Unconscious retention of information, where skills and knowledge are acquired without explicit awareness.

The affective filter hypothesis

A theory suggesting that high levels of anxiety can block language acquisition, while a supportive environment can lower this barrier.

Automaticity

The transition from controlled processing of language (slow and effortful) to automated, fast, and unconscious processing through practice.

Input hypothesis

The idea that language acquisition occurs through exposure to comprehensible input that is slightly above the current proficiency level.

Feedback

The information provided to learners about their performance, which can enhance learning and confidence.

Multi-modality

Involving multiple sensory pathways (oral, visual, kinesthetic) in learning activities to engage various cognitive networks.

Emotional engagement

The involvement of emotions in the learning process, which can enhance motivation and memory retention.

Neuroplasticity

The brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life, especially during language learning.

Practical neurolinguistic exercises

Activities designed to utilize neurolinguistic principles in teaching, fostering language acquisition through contextualized practice.