AP psych (brain)

unit 2

hindbrain

responsible for basic autonomic functions

cerebellum

coordinates movement, balance, and implicit memory

medulla

manages heart, circulation, and breathing

pons

eating, swallowing, facial expresions

midbrain

integrates sensory info and muscle movement

reticular formation

control arousal and attention

forebrain

contains cerebrum, thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala, and hippocampus

thalamus

processes sensory info

hypothalamus

regulates body temp, hunger, sleep

suprachiasmatic

regulates circadian rythm

pituitary gland

governs endocrine system

pineal gland

secretes melatonin; contributes w circadian rythm

hippocampus

long term memories are processed here

amygdala

central experience if emotion, esp fear; drives fight or flight

limbic system

involved in emotion

contains thalamus, hypothalamus, hippocampus, & amygdala

cerebral cortex

responsible for consciousness, thinking, reasoning, imagining, & speaking

outer layer of brain

frontal lobe

involved in planning, problem solving, emotion, memory, & personality

parietal lobe

touch, sensation, perception, & body orientation

temporal lobe

processes sound, lang comp, & role in hearing

occipital lobe

processes and interprets visual info

sensory areas

• visual cortex

• auditory cortex

• somatosensory cortex (touch, temp, pain, pressure)

motor areas

motor cortex (voluntary movements)

brocas area

speech production (left frontal)

wernickes area

lang comp (left temporal)

angular gyrus

reading comp

acetylcholine (ACh)

plays roles in muscle movement

GABA

inhibitor; plays roles in sleep and regulating anxiety, also contributes to vision & motor control

malfunction linked to anxiety, insomnia, seizures, & tremors

glutamate

excitatory; role in cognitive functions (learning & memory)

oxytocin

role in social recognition, bonding, & reproduction

endorphins

inhibits pain signals, promotes pleasure

norepinephrine

role in alertness & stress response (flight or fight)

dopamine

reward system, pleasure, satisfaction, & emotion; role in learning, attention, movement

serotonin

mood regulation, appetite sleep, & emotional state

low lvls associated w depressive disorders

nervous system (CNS)

receives, processes, & responds to sensory info

peripheral nervous system (PNS)

carries out orders from CNS

somatic nervous system

controls voluntary movement & conveys sensory info

autonomic nervous system

regulated involuntary functions ie; heart rate & digestion

sympathetic nervous system

prepares body for action & initiates stress response

parasympathetic nervous system

returns body to routine function

right brain (function)

spatial awareness

left brain (function)

info processing