Variation and Selection (3.22-3.26)

Fitness

________: Probability of an organism surviving and reproducing in the environment in which it is found.

→They

________ could cause the development of new alleles and so new phenotypes.

Hydrophytes

________: Plants adapted to live in extremely wet conditions.

Xerophytes

________: Plant adapted to live in extremely dry conditions.

Heterozygous individuals

________ are said to be ‘ carriers of the sickle cell gene and are said to have ‘ sickle cell trait.

Artificial selection

________: the intentional reproduction of animals and plants by humans that have desirable traits.

Discontinuous Variation

________- When there are distinct differences for a characteristic (Qualitative)

Adaptive Features

________: Inherited functional features of an organism that increase its fitness.

sickle cell

A person that is a(n) ________ carrier has malarial protection, and will not die from ________ disease.

Sickle cell anemia

________: caused by the mutation in a gene that codes for hemoglobin.

Organisms

________ can pass down favourable traits to their offspring to produce more organisms with desirable characteristics.

Natural Selection

________ is the concept that for a given environment, organisms with the most beneficial features are ‘ selected to survive and pass on their genes to the next generation.

Variation

differences between individuals within the same species

Genetic variation

The differences in genetics among individuals within the same species (mainly due to sexual reproduction & mutation)

Phenotypic variation

The variability of phenotypes within a population (influenced by both the genetic & environmental factors)

Discontinuous Variation 

When there are distinct differences for a characteristic (Qualitative)

Mutations

random genetic changes

Sickle cell anemia

caused by the mutation in a gene that codes for hemoglobin

Adaptive Features

Inherited functional features of an organism that increase its fitness

Fitness

Probability of an organism surviving and reproducing in the environment in which it is found

Hydrophytes

Plants adapted to live in extremely wet conditions

Xerophytes

Plant adapted to live in extremely dry conditions

Artificial selection

the intentional reproduction of animals and plants by humans that have desirable traits