RC 110 second half

Normal Values

The standard range for biological measurements, essential for evaluating patient health.

Vital Signs

Key indicators of a person's health, typically including temperature, pulse, respiratory rate, and blood pressure.

Tachypnea

Abnormally rapid breathing, typically defined as more than 20 breaths per minute.

Hypopnea

Abnormally slow or shallow breathing.

Atelectasis

Collapse of part or all of a lung, leading to reduced gas exchange.

Hyperventilation

Increased rate and depth of breathing, which can lead to decreased carbon dioxide levels.

Kussmaul's Respiration

Deep, labored breathing pattern often associated with severe metabolic acidosis.

SpO2

Oxygen saturation level in the blood, important for assessing respiratory function.

Compliance

The ability of the lungs to stretch and expand, inversely related to stiffness.

Airway Resistance

The measure of the resistance to airflow within the respiratory tract.

Bronchoconstriction

Narrowing of the airways, often caused by smooth muscle contraction.

Wheezing

A high-pitched sound made while breathing, indicative of bronchoconstriction.

Goblet Cells

Specialized cells in the airways that produce mucus.

Cilia

Hair-like structures that help clear mucus from the respiratory tract.

Normal Blood Pressure

Typically defined as 120 over 80 mmHg for adults.

Respiratory Rate

The number of breaths taken per minute, with normal ranges often considered 12 to 20 for adults.

Pyrexic

Having or characterized by fever; elevated body temperature.

Cardiopulmonary System

The combined system involving the heart and lungs, working together for respiration and circulation.

Fine Crackles

A type of lung sound indicating small airway opening, often associated with atelectasis.

Coarse Crackles

Loud, low-pitched sounds produced by air moving through fluid in the larger airways.

Hyperpnea

Increased breathing depth and/or rate, often in response to exercise.

Inspiratory Muscles

Muscles involved in inhalation, primarily including the diaphragm.

Pursed Lip Breathing

A technique to improve ventilation in patients, particularly with obstructive lung disease.

Fremitus

Vibrations felt on the chest wall during speech, used to assess underlying lung conditions.

Minimally Invasive

Techniques that do not require major surgery, allowing for quicker recovery and less pain.

ABG

Arterial Blood Gas; a test measuring gases in the blood used for evaluating respiratory function.

Exam Structure

Refers to the organization of the evaluation tests, including permissible tools like calculators.

Effective Communication

The ability to convey and understand health-related information clearly, vital in patient care.

Assessment Techniques

Methods and practices used to evaluate a patient's health status.

Educators' Role

Instructors guide students by providing essential knowledge and support for effective learning.

Patient Evaluation

The process of assessing a patient’s condition through various physical assessments and tests.