Bio 30 brain ear and eye section

Cerebrum

speech, reasoning, memory, personality, movement, sensory

hypothalamus

regulars body temperature and metalbolism. controls hugner, thirst, sleep and sex drive

pituitary gland

part of endocrine system

cerebellum

controls balance, co-ordination of voluntary muscle movementa nd muscle tone

pons

transmits information between two sides of the cerebellum and the cerebellum and the medula oblongata

medulla oblongata

controls the autonomic nervous system, which includes SNS and PNS. things like heart rate, breathing, blood pressure and digestion

frontal lobe

motor control, voluntary movement, like to memory. reasoning. critical thinking, language. and perosnality

temprotal lobe

hearing and smelling (olfactory)

occipital lobe

vision

parietal lobe

sensory areas associated with touch, pressure, temperature, taste. also linked to emotions and interpreting speech

1

cerebrum

2

cerebellum

3

hypothalamus

4

pituitary

5

pons

6

medulla oblongata

7

spinal cord

Light energy

eyes

sound energy

ears

chemical energy

nose and mouth

heat energy

skin

mechanical energy

skin

sclera

white, tough, fibrous outer layer protects the eye adn maintains eye shape

choroid

blakc middle layer. provides oxygen and nourishment to the retina. it absorbs light and limits reflection within the eye

retina

contians light sentitive cells (cones and rods) that converts light energy into action potentials

cons and rods

photoreceptors

fovea centralis

central part of the retina. filled with cones

optic nerve

transmits impulses to the occipital love from the retina. sensory neurons

iris

coloured part of eye. it is a muscle that controls the size of adjustable circular opening in the center called a pupil

pupil

hole in the middle of the iris. allows light to enter the eye

lens

composed of trnasparent, flexible tissue. along with the cornea, helps to focus light and images on the retina

cornea

tought, clear, outer layer. refract (bends) light toward the pupil. provides most of the eyes focusing power.

pathway of light into eye

cornea, pupil, lens, retina, optic nerve, occipital lobe

camera case

retina

camera lens

lens and cornea

camera diaphragm

sclera

camera aperture

pupil

camera film

iris

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iris

2

pupil

3

lens

4

cornea

5

sclera

6

choroid

7

retina

8

fovea centralis

9

optic nerve

1

ossicles

2

semicircular canals

3

auditory nerve

4

eustachian tube

5

cochlea

6

tympanum

7

pinna

8

auditory canal

compared to the outter and middle ear, the inner ear is filled with

fluid

functions of the ear

balance and hearing

semicricular canals

three tiny, fluid filled tubed in the inner ear that help keep balance during head and body rotation

eustachian tubes

connects the throat to the middle ear

its function is equalization of pressure

pinna

where sound saves are funneled into the auditory canal

tympanum

vibrates and sends the vibrations through tiny bones in the middle ear then transferring the sound vibrations into the cochlea of the inner ear

tiny bones in the middle ear

ossicles

cochlea

carries sound vibrations through the fluid in it

organ of corti

contains hair cells which respond to movement of fluid and causes said hair cells to vibrate and convert those vibrations to action potentials

temportal lobe

recieves action potentials created from hair cells converting vibrations to action potentials which are then sent through the auditory nerve

signals are translated into sounds

Path that sound takes through the ear to the brain

pinna, auditory canal, tympanic membrane, ossicles, cochlea, auditory nerve, temporal lobe

hearing loss is mainly due to

aging and loud noises