Biology 112 - PHYLUM BRYOPHYTA (Mosses)

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Last updated 2:35 AM on 4/28/26
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6 Terms

1
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Moss gametophyte (whole plant)

  • Green, leafy structure = gametophyte (dominant generation)

  • Haploid

  • Nonvascular → no xylem/phloem

  • Requires water for sperm movement

  • Anchored by rhizoids, not true roots

<ul><li><p>Green, leafy structure = <strong>gametophyte</strong> (dominant generation)</p></li><li><p><strong>Haploid</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Nonvascular</strong> → no xylem/phloem</p></li><li><p>Requires <strong>water</strong> for sperm movement</p></li><li><p>Anchored by <strong>rhizoids</strong>, not true roots</p></li></ul><p></p>
2
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Moss gametophyte stem (cross section)

  • Uniform cells

  • Haploid

  • No vascular bundles (distinguishing feature vs ferns & pines)

Shape wise, it’s the pink vampire looking substance under microscope

3
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Antheridium (male)

  • Gametophyte

  • Haploid

  • Large oval chambers

  • Filled with sperm

  • Located at tips of gametophyte

<ul><li><p><strong>Gametophyte</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Haploid</strong></p></li><li><p>Large oval chambers</p></li><li><p>Filled with <strong>sperm</strong></p></li><li><p>Located at tips of gametophyte</p></li></ul><p></p>
4
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Archegonium (female)

  • Gametophyte

  • Haploid

  • Small chamber containing egg

  • Sperm must swim to it via water droplets

<ul><li><p><strong>Gametophyte</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Haploid</strong></p></li><li><p>Small chamber containing <strong>egg</strong></p></li><li><p>Sperm must swim to it via water droplets</p></li></ul><p></p>
5
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Sporophyte (stalk + capsule)

  • Diploid

  • Grows out of archegonium

  • Dependent on gametophyte for nutrients

  • Capsule at top produces spores

<ul><li><p><strong>Diploid</strong></p></li><li><p>Grows <strong>out of archegonium</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Dependent </strong>on gametophyte for nutrients</p></li><li><p>Capsule at top produces spores</p></li></ul><p></p>
6
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Capsule long section

  • Diploid tissue (the capsule itself)

  • Inside: spore mother cells undergo meiosis → haploid spores

  • The capsule walls and stalk are diploid sporophyte tissue

<ul><li><p><span><strong>Diploid tissue</strong> (the capsule itself)</span></p></li><li><p><span>Inside: <strong>spore mother cells</strong> undergo meiosis → haploid spores</span></p></li><li><p><span>The capsule walls and stalk are diploid sporophyte tissue</span></p></li></ul><p></p>