Chem

Concept 1-3

Chemical bond

A force/mutual electrical attraction that holds atoms together in a substance.

Electronegativity

A measure of the ability of an atom in a bond to attract electrons.

Octet rule

Atoms will gain, lose, or share electrons in order to have 8 electrons in their outer energy shell.

Molecule

Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.

Salt

An ionic compound made from the neutralization of an acid with a base.

Crystal lattice

A three-dimensional structure formed by ionic compounds, where cations and anions are arranged in a repeating pattern.

Ionic compound

A compound made of positive and negative ions that chemically bond in a way that the charges equal out.

Ionic bond

Formed between two or more atoms by the transfer of one or more electrons between atoms.

Ion

Charged atoms.

Cation

Positively charged atom from losing electrons.

Anion

Negatively charged atom from gaining electrons.

Polyatomic ion

A positively or negatively charged, covalently bonded group of atoms.

Transition metal

Metals that can form many different ions.

Covalent bond

The interatomic linkage that results from the sharing of an electron pair between two atoms.

Metallic bond

A bond formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions and the electrons around them.

Delocalized electrons

Electrons involved in metallic bonding that are free to move easily from one atom to the next.

Alloy

A mixture of two or more metals.

Intra forces

Forces within a molecule, such as covalent bonds and ionic bonds.

Inter forces

Attractions occurring between separate molecules, influencing physical properties.

Bonding spectrum

The range between pure covalent bonding and ionic bonding with varying degrees of electron sharing.