Acids and Bases Lecture Notes

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to acids and bases from the provided lecture notes.

Strong Acids

Acids that completely dissociate in solution, examples include HNO3, H2SO4, and H3PO4.

Neutralization Reaction

A reaction between an acid and a base to form water and a salt.

Bronsted-Lowry Theory

Acid-base theory that defines acids as proton (H+) donors and bases as proton acceptors.

Amphiprotic Substances

Substances that can act as either an acid or a base depending on the context.

Ionic Equation

An equation that shows only the particles that participate in a chemical reaction, omitting spectator ions.

Conjugate Acid/Base

The species formed when an acid donates a proton (conjugate base) or when a base accepts a proton (conjugate acid).

Acids + Metal Carbonates Reaction

Produces salt, water, and carbon dioxide when an acid reacts with a metal carbonate.

Observation of Acid-Base Reactions

Physical changes observed during acid-base reactions, such as color change, gas formation, or heat release.

Hydroxide Ions (OH-)

Ions produced by bases that contribute to the basicity of a solution.

Arrhenius Theory

Acid-base theory stating that acids produce H+ ions and bases produce OH- ions in aqueous solutions.