Bio Final Review

metabolism

sum of all biochem rxns in cell/organism

anabolism

synthesis/constructing

catabolism

breaking down/degradation

free energy (delta G)

portion of system’s energy avail to perform work when temperature is uniform throughout system

enthalpy (delta H)

heat content/total potential energy

entropy (delta S)

measure of randomness

Chromosomes move to the opposite poles by the ___________________________.

motor proteins attached to the microtubules help in the migration.

When do the cells undergoing meiosis become immediately haploid from a diploid parental cell?

Telophase I

How does the chromosome number of each daughter cell reduce to half the original amount during meiosis?

Chromosomes replicate only once before meiosis I but the cell divides twice.

The DNA template of 5’ to 3 ‘direction is copied from the other direction starting at the 3’ end of the template DNA bc

the 5' to 3' direction of one strand runs counter to the 5' to 3' direction of the other strand and DNA polymerase adds nucleotides only at the 3 ‘end of the new strand

What is the relationship between genes and proteins?

One gene makes only one type of protein

What is an operon?

Multiple genes under the control of a single promoter in prokaryotes

If you were to genetically engineer a plasmid to detoxify toxic wastes, which regulation system you would use?

Inducible operon system