religion exam

Catholic ethics

Forming a good conscience, choosing the good, respecting human dignity, and living like Jesus

Conscience has two parts what are thye

• capacity: the inner ability to know right from wrong

• Judgment: the actual decision about waht is right in a situation

Magisteriums

Teaching authority of the cahtolic church

• helps form conscience and protect moral tradition

Natural law

Human can use reason to understand basic moral truths

First pricinples of natural law

Do good and aviod evil

Decalogue

Ten Commandments given through Moses

Beatitudes

Jesus teachings in the sermon on the mount about true blessedness and holiness

Jesus fulfill the Torah what does this mean

This means that he does not erase the law but deepens in

• do not murder means that Jesus is teaching people to reject anger hatred and revenge

Aristole

The good life is happiness/floursih achvied through virtue and balance

Kant

Morality is based on duty, reason, and doing wealth is right no matter the outcome

Levinas

Ethic begins with responsibility to the other person especially yhe vulnerable

Thomas Aquinas

Connected cahtolic ethics with natural law and reason

John Calvin

Associated with religous determinism/predestination

Richard gula

Catholic moral theologian, conscience and moral formation

Agent

The person making moral choices

Moral principle

A rule or truth guiding moral action

Deontoglocial ethics

Duty-based ethics

Determinism

Belief that choices are controlled by forced outside of free will

Relgious determinism

God predetermines human desinty

Moral relativism

Belief that morality depends only on person/culutral opinions

Common good

Conditions that allow all people to flourish

Justice

Giving poeple what thye are due

Agape

Self-giving, unconditional love

Chasity

Proper use of sexuality according to ones state in life

Temperance

Self-control and moderation

Vocation

Ones calling from God

Sacrament

Outward sign of inward grace

Marriage

Convenantal union between spouses

Annulment

Church declaration that a valid sacramental marriage was never truly present

Divorce

Civil/legal ending of a marriage

Misconceptions about ethics

• Christian ethics is onyl about rules, guilt or a division sin

• Jesus teaches inner transformation, love, mercy, humility’s and justice

• Sermon on the mount shows morality is not just external behavior but a changed heart

Advertisers vs philosophers

Advertisers say the good life is money, beauty,status, pleasure and products

• Aristole says its is virtue floursih

• Kant say it is doing ones duty

• Levinas say it is repsosbilty for others

Symptoms of a misinformed conscience

Selfish ignoring church’s teachings, retionalizing wrongdoing, peer pressure, lac of reflection, lack of compassion and refusing correction

Demon on the mount vs tend commandments

Moses gives the law Jesus deepens it

The tend commandments prohibits action like murder and adultery

Jesus goes further by addressing anger lust revenge and hypocrisy

Jesus fulfills the Rotah by revealing its deeper moral meaning