Seeded Plants

what were the first seeded plants

progymnosperms

in the first seeded plant progymnosperms what grew from the seeds

sporophyte

in the first seeded plants progymnosperms what function was similar to modern ferns

grew spores

what generation is always dominant in seeded plants

sporophyte

what is the gametophyte in seeded plants

reduced and heterosporous

when a seeded plants gametophyte produces a different male and female gametophyte

heterosporous

what habitats are seeds able to live in due to their traits

dry

how many layers do seeds have to prevent drying

several

when a seed can be in a state of ____ for years

dormancy

are there swimming sperms in seeded plants

no

what is the male gameotphyte in seeded plants

pollen

pollen grains carry sperm within

dispersed by wind or a pollinator

produce a pollen tube

functions of pollen

where are the female gametophytes in a seed plant

sporophyte

where is the egg in a seeded plant

sporophyte ovule

does the egg isnide the sporophyte ovule recieve the pollen

yes

the “naked” seed generation where the seeds are primitive

gymnosperms

the seed generation that produces flowers or fruit and is more recent

angiosperms

where is the seed inclosed in a gymnosperm

ovule

what modofied leaves protects the seeds

sporophylls

what do the sprophylls on a gymnosperm make

strobilus

what is an example of a strobilus

coness

tight arrangement of sporophylls around a central stalk

strobilus

can gymnosperms be monoecious and dioecious

yes

both male and female gymnosperms

monoecious

only one male or female gymnosperm

dioecious

examples of gymnosperm division coniferophyta

pines and spruces

what climates are gymnosperm division coniferophyta adapted to

cold and dry

what are the leaves on gymnosperm division coniferophyta

flat needles

can gymnosperm division coniferophyta dry out

no

what is usually present on a gymnosperm division coniferophyta

strobilus

oldest living gymnosperm division coniferophyta

bristlecone pine

most massive gymnosperm division coniferophyta

giant sequioa

examples of gymnosperm division cycadophyta

egyptian palm

what climate are gymnosperm division cycadophyta adapted to

mild

how are gymnosperm division coniferophyta pollinated

wind

what is found on gymnosperm division cycadophyta

strobilus

are gymnosperm division cycadophyta dioecious

yes

how are gymnosperm division cycadophyta pollinated

beetles

what is the use for gymnosperm division cycadophyta

ornamental

do few gymnosperm division cycadophyta exist species wise

yes

what are the gymnosperm division ginkophyta

ginko plants

what shape are the leaves on gymnosperm division ginkophyta

fan

are gymnosperm division ginkophyta dioecious

yes

what does the gymnosperm female division ginkophyta have

large seed with fleshy coat

what does the gymnosperm male division ginkophyta have

strobilus for pollen

what are the gymnosperm division gnetophyta

succulent like

what climate are the gymnosperm division gnetophyta adapted to

dry desert

is the phylogentic position on gymnosperm division gnetophyta solved

no

what large vessels do gymnosperm division gnetophyta have on them making them similar to angiosperms

xylem

what are the large xylem vessels for on gymnosperm division gnetophyta

water storage

what gymnosperm division gnetophyta genera are found in africa

welwitschia

what gymnosperm division gnetophyta genera are found in N. America

ephedra

what division gnetophyta genera are found globally

gnetum

what is covering the seed on angiosperms

fruit

what is the oldest angiosperm

archaefructus

what did archaefructus angiosperm have on it

fruit with seeds

what is the most primitve modern angiosperm

amborella

whar are the four layers of an angiosperm flower called

whorls

what are the unopened floral bud on the outermost whorl on angiosperm flowers

sepals

what is a collective name for a sepal

calyx

what are the vivid colors attracting pollinators called that are found sinde the sepals on an angiosperm flower on the outermost whorl

petals

what are petals called collectively

corolla

what two strucuters are located on the outermost whorl

sepals and petals

what is the male gametophyte called on the second to last whorl on an angiosperm flower

androceium

what strucuture is found with the male andrioceium on an angiosperm flower

stamens

what two things are on a stamen

filament and anther

the stalk on a androceium

filament

the pollen producer on a andoroceium and where meiosis occurs

anther

what is the female home called on the last whorl on a angiosperm flower

gynoecium

what is found with the gynoceoum

carpels

what are the 3 things found with a carpel on a gynoceium

stigma, style, ovary

where pollen is deposoited by wind or pollinator on the gynoceium whorl carpel

stigma

where the pollen tube will grow and reach the ovary on a gynocium carpel

style

houses one or more ovules that will develop into a seed on a gynoceium carpel

ovary

what is the last layer or whorl on a flower

gynoecium

what is the outermost layer or whorl on a flower

sepals and petals

what is the middle layer or whorl of a flower

androceium

what is inside the carpel

ovary

what is inside the ovary

ovule

what is inside the ovule

female gametophyte

what is inside the female gametophyte

egg

what is the zygote that will develop into a new embryo that will become a new sporophyte on an angiosperm flower

seed

the place in the inner seed that stores nutrients

endosperm

what phase are the endosperm in coconuts? what about corn

liquid and solid

the structure that stores the nutrients for embryogenesis in peas and beans

cotyledons

what are magnoliiadae angiosperms

magnolias and peppers

when the sepals and petals are combined to form ___ on magnoliiadae angiosperms

tepals

are there a lot of carpels in magnoliiadae angiosperms

yes

examples of angiosperm monocots

lillies and grass

how many cotyledons are in angiosperm monocots seedlings

single

how are the vascular bundles arranged on a angiosperm monocots

parallel

how is the root system on the angiosperm monocots

multiple roots

what multiple are the flower whorls on a angiosperm monocots

3

exmaples of eudicots

daisy and roses

how mant cotyledons are in angiosperm eudicots

2

how are the vascular bundles on the angiosperm eudicots

ring shaped

how is the root strcutre on angiosperm eudicots

one tap root

does angiosperm eudicots have woody tissue

yes

do angiosperm monocots have woody tissyue

no

what are the mutiples on angiosperm eudicots for whorls

4 or 5