10.2 Properties of Liquids

Viscosity

measure of a liquids resistance to flow

Liquids that flow freely have…

low viscosity

Viscosity is measured by..

the rate a metal ball falls through liquid. If it is slow, the liquid is more viscous.

IMFs between the molecules of a liquid, size and shapoe of the molecule and temperature..

determine how easily a liquid flows

The more structurally complex the molecules in a liquid are,

the stronger the IMFs between them.

Cohesive forces

various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance

Surface Tension

the energy required to increase the surface area of a liwuid, or the force required to increase the length of a liquid surface by a given amount.

Adhesive forces

IMF’s of attraction between two different molecules

Capillary Action

When a liquid flows within a porous material due to the attraction of the liquid molecules to the surface of the material to the other liquid molecules

Height liquid will rise

ℎ=2⁢𝑇⁢cos⁡𝜃/𝑟⁢𝜌⁢𝑔

h= height of the liquid inside capillary tube

T = surface tension of the liquid

⁡𝜃 = contact angle between the liquid and the tube

r = radius of the tube

𝜌 = density of the liquid

g = acceleration due to gravity, 9.8 m/s²