MUSC215 final

Punk

A musical genre that embraces a DIY, back-to-basics approach to rock music; a cultural style or attitude defined by rebellion against authority and deliberate rejection of middle-class values.

harDCore

A louder, harder, faster version of punk music featuring a combustive mixture of white teenage male angst and frustrated energy.

DIY Culture

Includes underground clubs, home recording technology, indie labels, college radio, fanzines, posters, and mixtapes.

U.S Punk

Characterized by minimalist music with few chords, no virtuosity, short fast songs, distorted guitar, screamed lyrics, and lo-fi sound.

Lyrical themes of U.S Punk

Common themes include anti-commercialism, social alienation, anti-conformity, satire, rage, and redefining white masculinity.

British Punk

A post-war white working-class youth subculture that is more political than its U.S counterpart, targeting class systems, the aristocracy, the government, mainstream media, and conformity.

Riot Grrl

A grassroots feminist movement of the 1990s focused on creative production in punk music, zines, visual arts, and political organizing.

Straight edge

A lifestyle abstaining from alcohol and drugs, initiated to help control fights in punk shows.

The Sex Pistols, 'Anarchy in the UK'

A song that critiques social systems in the UK, suggesting that anarchy prevents true social mobility.

X-Ray Spex, 'Oh, Bondage (Up Yours!)'

A punk band notable for its female singer and themes of anti-consumerism.

Ian MacKaye

Founder of the straight-edge movement and influential punk musician known for bands like Minor Threat and Fugazi.

Kathleen Hanna

Feminist musician and activist known for her role in the Riot Grrl movement and advocating for women’s visibility in punk.

Minor Threat, 'Straight Edge'

A song expressing discontent towards drug and alcohol use at punk concerts.

Bikini Kill, 'Rebel Girl'

A song that redefines the narrative of the popular girl in a feminist light.

Race

A form of social identification and stratification often discussed in the context of music and culture.

Griots

West African historians, musicians, and storytellers acting as the 'eyes, ears, and mouths' of their communities.

Preaching

A practice providing autonomy for Black voices and enabling freedom through church communities.

Black Arts Movement

A movement in the late 1960s associated with the Black Panther movement, asserting African cultural identity and resisting white power.

Gangsta Rap

A subgenre of hip-hop that portrays urban street life, often with themes of hypermasculinity, misogyny, and violence.

Women in Hip Hop

Historically underrepresented in the industry, facing issues like misogyny and the pressure of appearance.

Trap music

A genre that originated in Atlanta combining rap, EDM elements, and characterized by rapid hi-hats and booming bass.

Sugarhill Gang, 'Rapper’s Delight'

The first commercial hit in hip-hop music.

Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five, 'The Message'

The first political rap, addressing social issues.

Run-DMC and Aerosmith, 'Walk This Way'

A crossover hit that helped popularize hip-hop and promote musical unity.

Megan Thee Stallion

Rapper and advocate for Black women and mental health, known for her viral presence and powerful image.

Pan-Africanism

A movement promoting solidarity and mutual assistance among people of African descent across the globe.

Afrobeat

A music genre reflecting pride in African lineage and community, often resisting colonial influences.

Fela Kuti

A Nigerian musician known for pioneering Afrobeat and addressing social and political issues through his music.

Kalakuta Republic

Fela Kuti’s commune that served as a political hub and was often raided for anti-government protests.

Fela Kuti, 'Zombie'

A protest song criticizing police compliance with orders without moral consideration.

Transnationalism

The concept of extending beyond national boundaries, often seen in the evolution of music genres.

Caserios

State-funded housing projects in Latin America, particularly associated with urban communities.

Hurban

A fusion of Hispanic and urban influences in music.

Underground/musica negra

A music scene characterized by homemade mixtapes and grassroots production.

Dancehall in Jamaica

A musical movement where DJs played instrumental records, leading to cultural expressions critical of politics.

Shabba Ranks, 'Dem Bow'

A fundamental song that established the reggaeton beat, blending reggae and hip-hop elements.

Daddy Yankee, 'Gasolina'

A reggaeton hit credited with bringing the genre to mainstream popularity.

Ivy Queen, 'Somos raperos pero no somos delincuentes'

A song showing feminine strength and challenging police discrimination against reggaeton artists.

Becky G, 'Bella Ciao'

A song that empowers women and critiques hypersexualization in reggaeton.

Bad Bunny

A Puerto Rican artist known for his advocacy of cultural heritage and social issues through music.

Global Metal

The phenomenon of heavy metal music transcending geographic and cultural boundaries, reflecting local issues.

Brazilian Heavy Metal

A genre emerging from Brazil’s dictatorship, seen as a representation of freedom and togetherness.

Japanese Heavy Metal

Characterized by attitudes free from rebellion, blending influences from Western music.

Indian Heavy Metal

A means for establishing identity and community amid conformity and familial pressures.

Chinese Heavy Metal

A genre that expresses emotions and critiques governmental issues through a unique aesthetic.

Indonesian Heavy Metal

A genre addressing social issues and reflecting resistance against political constraints.

Israeli Metal

A genre discussing religious wars and unity against conflict and oppression.

Iranian Heavy Metal

A restricted genre that creates a vibrant underground culture in opposition to government censorship.

Ska

A musical genre characterized by its hybridity, blending various elements from different musical styles.

Jamaican Ska

A genre that emerged from dancehall culture and is known for its political criticisms.

2Tone

A British ska label that emphasized anti-racism and showcased racial equality in music.

British Ska

A variation of ska influenced by punk and pop, often with themes of social rebellion.

Samantha Pottinger

A pioneering producer who advanced the Jamaican music industry, known for her talent in identifying hits.

Millie Small, 'My Boy Lollipop'

A song that brought ska to mainstream audiences with a pop-infused sound.

The Specials, 'Gangster'

A song criticizing police treatment and societal stereotypes.