Particle Model of Matter Key words
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27 Terms
Absolute zero
the temperature at which the pressure of a gas drops to zero. |
Boiling point
temperature at which a pure substance boils or condenses. |
Change of state
the changing of matter from one state to another e.g. from solid to liquid. |
Chemical changes
a change that results in the formation of new substances. |
Density
mass per unit volume of a substance. |
Freezing point
the temperature at which a pure substance freezes. |
Gas pressure
the force on a surface caused by the collisions of gas particles with the surface. Gas pressure acts at right angles to a surface. |
Internal Energy
the energy of the particles of a substance due to their individual motion and positions. |
Kelvin
The unit in the Kelvin temperature scale one kelvin is 1Ā°C
Kelvin temperature scale
a temperature scale that measures temperatures relative to absolute zero. |
kinetic theory
the model that explains the properties of different states of matter in terms of the movement of particles. |
Latent heat
the energy transferred to or from a substance when it changes its state. |
Melting point
temperature at which a pure substance melts or freezes (solidifies). |
pascal(pa)
unit of pressure. 1 Pa = 1 N/m |
Physical change
a change in which no new substances are produced. |
specific heat capacity
the energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1 Ā°C. |
specific latent heat of fusion
energy needed to melt 1kg of a substance with no change of temperature. |
specific latent heat of vaporization
energy needed to boil away 1kg of substance with no change of temperature. |
States of matter
there are three different forms that a substance can be in: solid, liquid or gas. These are the three states of matter. |
Sublimation
when a solid changes directly to a gas without becoming a liquid first. |
Temperature
a measure of how hot something is. |
Thermal energy
a term used to describe energy when it is stored in hot objects. The hotter something is, the more thermal energy it has. It is sometimes called 'heat energy. |
Work done
a measure of the energy transferred when a force acts through a distance. |