PSY 231 - Language Dev + Semantics
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12 Terms
4 Elements of Language
Phonology
Semantics
Syntax
Pragmatics
Phonology
sounds of a language
Semantics
words + their meaning
Syntax
rules that specify how words are combined to form a sentence
Pragmatics
communicative functions of a language
Fast Mapping
children’s ability to connect new words to their meanings so rapidly that they cannot possibly be considering all meanings for the new world
Joint Attention
the focus of two individuals on an object
Word Learning Constraints
Whole-Object Constraint
Mutual-Exclusivity Constraint
Taxonomic Constraint
Whole-Object Constraint
a name refers to a whole object, not its part or its relation to other objects and refers to all other objects of the same type
Mutual-Exclusivity Constraint
bias to accept one name per object; if an unfamiliar word is heard in the presence of other objects that already have a name, the new word belongs to the object that does not yet have a name
Taxonomic Constraint
words refer to categories of similar objects
Most important factors contributing to differences in vocab
Phonological Memory
Child’s “Language Environment”