Policing Exam Study Guide

A compilation of vocabulary flashcards based on key concepts from the Policing Exam Study Guide.

Use of Force Levels

Officer Presence, Communication, Physical Control, Intermediate Weapons, Lethal Force.

Force Usage

Force is used in approximately 1% of encounters.

Suspect Resistance Types

Cooperative, Passive, Active, Assaultive, GBH/Death.

Force Requirement

Police must use only necessary force, one level above suspect's resistance.

Taser Effectiveness

Tasers are 85% effective; cause neuromuscular shutdown in 52–74% of cases.

Pepper Spray Effectiveness

Pepper spray is 33% effective as a force option.

Lethal Force Criteria

Allowed when there are reasonable grounds that someone may face serious harm or death.

Search With Warrant

Specific places for specific evidence must be outlined in the warrant.

Search Without Warrant

Allowed under exigent circumstances, investigative detention, search incident to arrest, consent, or officer safety.

Plain View Doctrine

Allows seizure of evidence that is obvious while lawfully present without exceeding search scope.

False Confessions Types

Voluntary, Coerced-Compliant, Coerced-Internalized.

False Confession Causes

Stress, pressure, fatigue, lengthy questioning, or desire to leave.

Avoidance of False Confessions

Utilize proper interviewing, evidence-based questioning, and non-coercive techniques.

PEACE Model

A structured approach to interviewing: Preparation & Planning, Engage & Explain, Account, Closure, Evaluation.

Crime Concentration

Crime is concentrated in small hot spots across cities.

Effect of Police Presence

Police presence has been shown to reduce crime rates.

Consequences of Reduced Police Contact

Led to approximately 900 more homicides and 34,000 more felonies.

Reactive Policing

Involves random patrol, rapid response, and reactive investigations.

Proactive Policing

Aims to prevent crime through community policing and data-driven approaches.

Hot Spots Policing

Focuses on small, high-crime areas with random visits lasting around 7 minutes.

CompStat Principles

Accurate & Timely Intelligence, Effective Tactics, Rapid Deployment, Relentless Follow-Up.

Interview Room Setup

Should be a plain room with minimal distractions; police close to the door for safety and control.