PECT Module 1

*It is time for the state standardized tests. According to the state, which would be expected of a first year English Language Learning student?

a. Require the student to complete the writing portion of the test but allow the student to complete it in their own language

b. Require the student to take the reading exam without an interpreter

c. Require the student to complete the mathematics exam but allow an interpreter for translating directions and clarifying instructions

Allow the student to use a bilingual dictionary that includes word definitions or pictures

C Require the student to complete the mathematics exam but allow an interpreter for

translating directions and clarifying instructions

*Which of the following accommodations would be appropriate for a child with a physical disability?

a. Use the same materials/means as have been used for other things in the classroom

b. Send the test home with the child to complete

c. Allow the child to see the test and questions prior to taking the test

d. Have the child take the exam in a separate room

A Use the same materials/means as have been used for other things in the classroom

*A child has a hearing device. You and the student discuss the device with the class. What is this promoting?

a. Positive peer and student interaction

b. Informs the class about the child's disability and implications

c. Encourages students to learn other forms of communication

d. Allows other students to communicate for that child

A Positive peer and student interaction

A student who is typically well behaved has suddenly started acting out and crying in school. He doesn't want to join the class during activities. The teacher knows that his sister has recently been diagnosed with leukemia and the family has had stress. The student's behavior shows which principle of the family systems theory?

a. Adaptation

b. Triangulation

c. Interdependence

d. None of the above

C Interdependence

During a parent teacher conference, the teacher asks, "How and with whom should I disclose information about your child?" This teacher understands which component of the family systems theory?

a. Climate

b. Hierarchies

c. Rules

Adaptation

B Hierarchies

What is atypical of four-year-old speech?

a. Speech consists of repetitive phrases and words

b. Hard time pronouncing different sounds, like /r/ or /l/

c. Asking grammatically incorrect questions

d. Using incorrect verb tenses like "holded"

A Speech consists of repetitive phrases and words

Which behavior appears first in an infant?

a. Spontaneous laughter

b. Angry cry

c. Social smile

d. Stranger anxiety

C Social smile

*A student tells a teacher about two instances of physical abuse that happened one year ago. The student begs the teacher to keep it a secret. How should the teacher respond?

a. Document stories and keep an eye out for future signs of abuse.

b. Keep the child's secret.

c. Tell the child you cannot keep it a secret and report it.

d. None of the above.

C Tell the child you cannot keep it a secret and report it.

How do you act as an advocate as a teacher?

a. Stay after school to help the child.

b. Meet with an IEP team.

c. Talk to the student only.

d. Talk to other teachers.

B Meet with an IEP team.

There is going to be a child in your class with Leukemia. What possible struggles/problems should you expect to prepare for that could affect the child's learning?

a. Frequent absences

b. Struggles with literacy

c. Physical appearance

d. Behavior issues

A Frequent absences

A teacher has a student with ADHD who has a hard time sitting still for prolonged periods of time. A special speaker is coming in to speak to the class for 30 minutes. What should the teacher do to accommodate the ADHD student?

a. Send the student to another classroom while the presentation is going on.

b. Request a paraprofessional for this time period.

c. Put student in a space where he can move around and not distract the speaker.

d. Keep an eye on the child and take him out of the room if he misbehaves.

C Put student in a space where he can move around and not distract the speaker.

*A student with a visual impairment cannot see things that are projected on the wall. A speaker is coming in and showing a slideshow to the class. How can you best accommodate this student?

a. Give the student a written description of the slides.

b. Sit the student right next to the projector.

c. Give the student a paper copy of the slides to follow along with.

d. Discuss the presentation with the student after.

C Give the student a paper copy of the slides to follow along with.

A teacher's class isn't following directions. Which of the following should the teacher do first?

a. Sit with another teacher and make a list of step-by-step directions to follow when instructing your students.

b. Have another teacher come sit in your class, observe and give feedback.

c. Talk with the students and work with them first.

d. Ask the principal to take care of it.

C Talk with the students and work with them first.

*A teacher allows students to pick a method to demonstrate what they learned about a particular subject. For example, they can make a power point, make a model, or a drawing. What type of instructional approach is this?

a. Universal design

b. Interdisciplinary Approach

c. Direct Instruction

d. All of the above

A Universal design

*A fourth grade teacher wants to measure the skill level of students in certain subjects at the beginning of the school year. What type of assessment would be best to use?

a. Look at last years standardized test scores from those subjects.

b. Give little quizzes on each subject at the beginning of the year.

c. Use informal assessment by having students make a list of what they know and what they do not know.

d. Talk to their parents.

C Use informal assessment by having students make a list of what they know and what they do not know.

You are going to be working with a co-teacher. What would be most beneficial in helping you work together?

a. Go to workshops together.

b. Create common learning goals for the students.

c. Split tasks up between the two of you.

d. Eat lunch together.

B Create common learning goals for the students.

What is the best way to get parents to come to school events?

a. Provide refreshments.

b. Give bonus points to students who have parents that come.

c. Display your students work and let students do presentations at events.

d. Parents should stay at home.

C Display your students work and let students do presentations at events.

When should a teacher be most concerned about copyright laws?

a. When using a graphic organizer off a website for class

b. When providing information off the school website for parents

c. When giving a well-known children's book to each child for use in class

d. During in-service day activities

C When giving a well-known children's book to each child for use in class

Albert Bandura's theory of modeling requires four steps. Which of the following is not one of Bandura's observational learning steps?

a. Attending to the lesson

b. Remembering what was learned

c. Participating in classroom meetings to discuss rules

d. Trying out a new skill or concept

C Participating in classroom meetings to discuss rules

Mrs. Mallow, the physical education teacher, asks her students to write an essay explaining the rules to a game of their choice. Which domain of learning is she testing?

a. Psychomotor domain

b. Cognitive domain

c. Affective domain

d. Linguistic domain

B Cognitive domain

Whom should a teacher check with before incorporating any holidays into classroom activities?

a. Parents

b. Principal

c. Superintendent of the school

d. State standards

A Parents

*Which of the following actions would be considered unethical for a teacher? similar question on test, wasn't worded like this.

a. Accepting tickets to a professional sporting event from parents for helping their child after school.

b. Talking to a paraprofessional about state assessments and results.

c. Talking with a parent after school

d. None of the above

A Accepting tickets to a professional sporting event from parents for helping their child after school.

*According to theorists, what is the best way that children learn?

a. Through play

b. Thinking logically

c. Construction of knowledge

d. None of the above.

C Construction of knowledge

What is the best way to interpret a student's standardized test results to their family?

a. Give them a copy of the standardized test.

b. Explain how the test lines up with state standards.

c. Explain the score using jargon-free language.

C Explain the score using jargon-free language.

*What is an example of being unbiased during a test?

a. All students have an understanding of the content.

b. All questions require the same level of understanding.

c. All questions are in single format.

d. The same amount of time is required for all students to complete the test.

A All students have an understanding of the content.

A PreK classroom is divided into 6 centers. Children are allowed to pick their own center and complete an activity in 10 minutes. What is the main benefit of this exercise?

a. To understand the concept of time

b. Students understand to make choices and meet expectations

c. Students discover what activities interest them

B Students understand to make choices and meet expectations

*In choosing a professional development activity from among various options, a teacher's first consideration should be to determine which option is most likely to:

a. be relevant to teaching across a range of subject areas and grade levels.

b. offer participants an opportunity to network with educators from other schools.

c. provide research-based information relevant to current instructional issues or needs.

d. reflect the ideas of individuals who represent varied backgrounds and points of view.

C Professional development should be current

What characteristic would most qualify a child for a PreK Counts grant?

A. English is not their first language

B. Residing in a rural area

C. Parents are separated or divorced

D. Child is at least two years old

A - English is not their first language (They are ELL student)

*A child has a hearing device. You and the student discuss the device with the class. What concept is this promoting?

Positive peer and student interaction.

Informing the class about the child's disability and implications encourages students to learn other forms of communication with the child and helps students learn to communicate for that child

*A teacher reads Pre-K-4 journals. How will this help her?

Helps teacher reflect on teaching styles and keeps up to date on the most recent information.

*What is the primary purpose of Pre-K counts?

PreK Counts acts as an achievement gap to help prepare 3-4 year olds for school.

What is your ethical responsibility to parents of your students

Involve them in all important decisions concerning the education of their child.

Discussing information about a presentation afterwards serves what purpose?

Helps children gain more knowledge about the presentation through discussion. As well as helping them to reflect on what they have learned.

What is the best thing to do if a parent of one of your students tells you they lost their job?

Tell them about opportunities in the community that may help them.

What is the best way to get parents involved in their education?

Newsletters/frequent communication from the beginning of the year (Open House)

What is a summative assessment?

Summative assessment (or summative evaluation) refers to the assessment of the learning and summarizes the development of learners at a particular time. One of the goals of summative assessment is to evaluate student learning, for example, at the end of an instructional unit by comparing it against some standard or benchmark. Examples of summative assessment include: end of unit tests or projects, end of course grades, portfolios, and standardized assessments.

*A student in your class has been comparing his work to his peers and is not happy with his own work. What would be the benefit of a portfolio assessment?

To help him keep track of his own progress.

As a teacher, one of the main benefits of meeting with students to review artifacts that were placed in their portfolios is?

to see all of the student's achievements over time.

What is a benefit of a teacher joining a Pennsylvania State Educator Program?

To connect with other teachers.

What are the benefits of play for children?

It promotes cognitive thinking.

What is the primary purpose of summative assessments?

They generate data for achievements relative to standards, they are "once and done" assessments at the end of a unit/year.

What is a formative assessment?

Formative assessments allow teachers to adapt teaching strategies to best fit individual students.

Summative assessments generate data for achievements relative to standards.

A child is constantly asking questions. Using the psychosocial theory of Erik Erikson, what should you do as a teacher?

Answer all questions and encourage the student to encounter the world around them.

You are teaching a unit on fairy tales. What would be an effective way to engage the community?

a. Put posters of fairy tales around the community.

b. Invite parents and community members to come in and read to the class.

c. Read books written by different community members.

d. Have the students illustrate their own fairy tale.

b. Invite parents and community members to come in and read to the class.

How do you promote a positive classroom environment?

a. Provide activities that meet different learning abilities, interests, and goals.

b. Plan lessons so that they tie directly into state standards.

c. Be sure to display environmental print around the classroom.

d. Utilize direct instruction to teach new content and review old material.

a. Provide activities that meet different learning abilities, interests, and goals.

You have an ESL student who recently scored well on a recent English exam. He also communicates well in social settings. However, he is struggling with assignments and does not participate in class discussions. Why?

a. He is fully proficient, but unhappy in school.

b. He has limited proficiency.

c. He is lacking self-confidence.

He cannot understand the directions.

c. He is lacking self-confidence.

You have a struggling student in your class. When must you receive parent permission?

a. Before taking anecdotal notes.

b. Before trying various interventions in the classroom.

c. Before allowing the child to work with the special education teacher.

d. Before sending the child to the principal.

c. Before allowing the child to work with the special education teacher.

You are teaching and introducing new concepts to a group of second graders. What is an effective way to scaffold?

a. Place the students in heterogeneous groups.

b. Allow the students to choose their activity.

c. Watch a video to support the new concepts.

d. Model the new skills for the students

d. Model the new skills for the students

You are conducting an experiment in which you have a car with round wheels and a car with oval wheels. You send each down a ramp. A student is really excited to see they roll differently. Why is his excitement good?

a. He is learning that you can solve problems in different ways.

b. He is learning to inquire and will want to figure out why the move differently.

c. He is having fun using the ramps.

d. He feels science is his favorite subject.

b. He is learning to inquire and will want to figure out why the move differently.

You are teaching about adjectives. At the end of a lesson, you have the students write down three adjectives. What type of assessment is this?

a. Formative

b. Summative

c. Norm-referenced

d. Formal

a. Formative

How do you foster enthusiastic learners?

a. Discuss lessons with other teachers.

b. Allow the students to go outside.

c. Let kids know that they are all talented and special

d. Include cross-curricular teaching.

c. Let kids know that they are all talented and special

Why might a kid with disabilities work with peers or a paraprofessional?

a. He or she needs extra support.

b. He or she is in need of social interaction.

c. He or she

a. He or she needs extra support.

What should you share with a reading specialist before a child enters a reading program?

a. The child's PSSA scores

b. Past report card grades

c. Information about the child's family

d. Notes of what interventions you have already tried

d. Notes of what interventions you have already tried

What computer program should you use to show data regarding a student's progress?

a. word document

b. spreadsheet

c. brochure

d. email

b. spreadsheet

What is the purpose of referencing English Language Proficiency Standards (ELPS)?

a. To help teachers evaluate students

b. To connect with other teachers

c. To improve building morale

d. To help students with ADHD

a. To help teachers evaluate students

What does a teacher need to remember when making assessments or planning lessons?

a. Teachers should design everything themselves.

b. All teachers must use the same lessons and assessments.

c. Children should help design them.

d. It is important to link them to standards.

d. It is important to link them to standards.

You are conducting a lesson that involves the students working together and taking turns as they sort cards dealing with nutrition. What is this the purpose of this activity?

a. To encourage social collaboration

b. To assess student reading comprehension

c. To connect nutrition with math

d. To engage the students with community values

a. To encourage social collaboration

Question about worms and their pattern of behavior. Why are students struggling to understand their patterns

They do not have enough background knowledge (or they are in Piaget's concrete operational stage and cannot envision themselves as worms.

· Why should a PreK classroom include a kitchen?

Familiar setting for pretend play.

· For which of the following would you need parental permission?

Choices: When send a report card home

To create an anecdotal record electronically

When taking a picture and posting it to the school website

When taking a picture and posting it to the school website

Questions about collaborating with other teachers.

Make sure that everyone has an equal voice.

Which of the following is most appropriate for PreK counts?

Two-year old (trick answer - as it starts for three-year old),

a student from a rural community,

an ELL (ELL is the answer)

Must call ChildLine when suspect neglect!

an ELL

*A student is struggling with something in your class, what should you do FIRST?

Observe the student to gather data or talk with the family?

You would have to have "evidence" of a student struggling before talking to the family

*What is essential in a PreK-4 instructional setting?

Provide various levels of difficulty for differing developmental levels.

Questions on establishing a community of learners.

Create jigsaw activity in which different students have different "pieces" to the puzzle and must work together to find the answer.

How would you incorporate the classroom's community for a lesson on prosocial skills?

Puppet show

Best place to position a child who has a hearing impairment

In the direct line of instruction.

What is an example of a summative assessment? Choices include holistic test and tests relating to standards.

holistic

Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences focuses primarily on which of the following aspects of education?

a. the key role of environment in promoting children's learning

b. the use of scaffolding techniques to help children learn

c. the active involvement of children in learning activities

d. the various ways in which children think and learn

d. the various ways in which children think and learn

A PreK-4 teacher can best create a culturally inclusive classroom environment for

all students by regularly:

encouraging students to share information about their cultures with the class.

celebrating a variety of cultural holidays from around the world with students.

placing students from similar cultural backgrounds together for small-group activities.

providing students and their families with information about community cultural events.

encouraging students to share information about their cultures with the class.

A kindergarten teacher observes two children playing together. The children are attempting to use blocks and other play materials to build a bridge for their toy cars. The first bridge that they build collapses when they begin to roll the toy cars across it. Which of the following teacher questions would best promote the development of the students' reasoning and problem-solving skills?

Why do you think the bridge fell over? How can you build the bridge differently?

What if you pretended that your cars could fly? Would you still need to build a bridge?

What different objects did you use to make your bridge? How are they different?

Can you picture a real bridge in your mind? Did your bridge look like a real bridge?

Why do you think the bridge fell over? How can you build the bridge differently?

Children who demonstrate typical language development most often begin using two-word utterances between the ages of:

6 to 9 months.

12 to 15 months.

18 to 24 months.

30 to 36 months.

18 to 24 months.

As second-grade students are learning a new science concept, the teacher helps them acquire knowledge and skills that they could not acquire on their own by using prompts, giving suggestions, providing feedback, and modeling activities. In this situation, which of the following strategies is the teacher primarily using to foster students' cognitive development?

modeling

cooperative learning

scaffolding

inquiry learning

scaffolding

A prekindergarten teacher wants to establish a classroom environment in which spontaneous play is encouraged and play is recognized and valued as meaningful learning. Which of the following strategies would likely be most effective for the teacher to use to achieve this goal?

modeling the correct way to play with new toys and games when introducing them to the classroom

asking students to bring in their favorite playthings from home to share with their classmates during show-and-tell

designing assessments that ask students to demonstrate content knowledge through play activities

ensuring that a variety of materials are available in the classroom for students to try out and explore during playtime

ensuring that a variety of materials are available in the classroom for students to try out and explore during playtime

PreK-4 teachers have the goal of being culturally competent educators who use an understanding of diversity among young children to plan developmentally, culturally, and linguistically appropriate instruction that meets the needs of all their students. The most important first step for the teachers to take in achieving this goal is to:

use the Internet and other resources to gather basic information about various world cultures.

survey students' families to determine what they perceive their role to be in their children's learning.

examine their own cultures and beliefs and their impact on interactions with students.

observe individual students in self-selected activities to determine their preferred learning styles.

examine their own cultures and beliefs and their impact on interactions with students.

According to convergent research, which of the following factors has been shown to have the greatest effect on a child's language development?

the age at which the child starts attending preschool or prekindergarten

the number of family members living at home with the child

the quality and diversity of books and toys the child is exposed to

the amount of verbal input the child receives from caregivers and others

the amount of verbal input the child receives from caregivers and others

Which of the following is an essential component of a formative assessment?

monitoring and adjusting a teaching strategy during the learning process based on individual student progress

the production of behavioral and academic progress reports that incorporate parental or caregiver insights

identifying and summarizing an individual student's strengths and needs at the end of a unit or semester

the development of a timeline designating tasks that will be accomplished by a particular student in a given period of time

monitoring and adjusting a teaching strategy during the learning process based on individual student progress

A third-grade teacher develops an assessment for a particular unit prior to writing up the daily lesson plans for the unit. The most important advantage of this approach is that it helps the teacher:

align daily lessons and activities with the targeted learning outcomes.

develop an assessment to match state standards.

ensure that the assessment will be accessible for all students.

improve presentation skills for delivering instruction.

align daily lessons and activities with the targeted learning outcomes.

Which of the following assessment practices would be considered ethical?

obtaining actual test items to use as examples when preparing students for a standardized assessment

using ongoing informal assessments of students' learning to guide the instructional process

determining assessment accommodations for individual students based on their classroom performance

posting standardized assessment results that include students' identifying information on a class Web page

using ongoing informal assessments of students' learning to guide the instructional process

A fourth-grade teacher uses a variety of techniques, including questioning and journal prompts, to check for students' understanding of content-area instruction. Which of the following outcomes is likely to be the most important benefit of this strategy?

helping the teacher identify areas where students may need additional reinforcement

improving students' overall performance on standardized assessments

allowing the teacher to spend less time creating and grading student assessments

encouraging students to view learning as a process and become lifelong learners

helping the teacher identify areas where students may need additional reinforcement

A kindergarten teacher frequently uses home-school notebooks to communicate with families about their children's progress. For example, the teacher and family of one student recently used such a notebook to keep one another informed about the student's progress in mastering specific self-help skills. This approach is likely to be most effective in promoting which of the following outcomes?

fostering in students a sense of responsibility with regard to their own learning

establishing partnerships with families in the assessment of their children's learning and development

helping build caring and friendly relationships between the teacher and students

enhancing families' ability to reinforce at home what their children are learning in school

establishing partnerships with families in the assessment of their children's learning and development

Using spreadsheet software to maintain students' performance data is likely to provide a teacher with the most support in which of the following areas?

identifying specific gaps in students' learning

providing students with accurate and timely feedback

designing activities to address individual learning needs

determining an appropriate sequence of instruction

identifying specific gaps in students' learning

Which of the following statements best describes a major role of assessment anchors in the Pennsylvania System of School Assessment (PSSA)?

providing uniform rules for the types of tests that are allowed to be administered to students in preparing for the PSSA

clarifying the standards assessed on the PSSA to support students' learning of essential skills and knowledge

defining the diverse range of tasks that underlie the educational goals assessed on the PSSA at different grade levels

providing a conversion tool for converting a particular student's PSSA score into a grade-level equivalent

clarifying the standards assessed on the PSSA to support students' learning of essential skills and knowledge

A fourth-grade class includes a number of students who are English language learners. The teacher is designing formative assessment to measure students' understanding of a specific science concept. When developing this assessment, the teacher can use Pennsylvania's Language Proficiency Standards for English Language Learners PreK-12 (ELPS) most effectively to:

identify the particular supports that individual students are likely to require during the assessment.

help ensure that the language function of the assessment is appropriate for the students' level of English language proficiency.

make adaptations to the core content assessed that are appropriate for the students' academic levels.

determine whether students have achieved the necessary level of English language proficiency to participate in the assessment.

help ensure that the language function of the assessment is appropriate for the students' level of English language proficiency.

A student who is an English language learner who qualifies for migrant education services joins a second-grade class partly into the school year. The teacher is preparing to administer a variety of informal assessments to the student. Which of the following teacher goals should be the main focus of these assessments?

evaluating whether the student demonstrates any signs of a disability

determining the student's general level of English language proficiency

measuring the student's language proficiency and literacy level in the home language

identifying any specific weaknesses in the student's academic knowledge and skills

identifying any specific weaknesses in the student's academic knowledge and skills

A first-grade teacher uses a language experience approach with beginning-level students who are English language learners. A student dictates a story based on personal experience to the teacher who writes the story verbatim. The teacher then leads the student in various reading and language activities using the dictated text. A primary benefit of this approach is that it helps the student:

access important content-area vocabulary.

develop phonemic awareness in English.

achieve grade-level reading and writing standards.

make connections between oral and written English.

make connections between oral and written English.

Which of the following accommodations to a content-area reading assignment best provides universal access for all learners?

providing digital textbooks with features such as images, text-to-speech, videos, and modifiable text

reading aloud the text to students as they follow along in their textbooks and asking frequent questions

offering after-school peer tutoring for students who need extra help reading the content

providing a list of vocabulary words and definitions to students in advance of the reading

providing digital textbooks with features such as images, text-to-speech, videos, and modifiable text

A second-grade teacher is reading a story aloud to a class that includes several students who are English language learners. Throughout the reading, the teacher pauses to verify students' comprehension. The teacher encourages all students to speak and participate in discussions during and after the reading. Which of the following types of feedback from the teacher would provide meaningful English language input to the students who are English language learners during the discussions?

repeating what students say to model correct pronunciation

posing literal questions that elicit one- or two-word answers

giving simple explanations about basic grammar rules and syntax

responding to the intent and content of the students' utterances

responding to the intent and content of the students' utterances

A kindergarten teacher works with two students who are English language learners who have no prior exposure to English. She exposes them to natural English in meaningful contexts but does not push them to contribute to discussions. She allows them to respond to questions nonverbally or with one- word answers. The teacher's actions best demonstrate her awareness that second-language learners often:

go through a silent period during which they produce very little oral language.

experience first-language interference that hinders their ability to speak a new language.

develop expressive language skills before they develop receptive language skills.

have limited experience speaking their first language for communicative purposes.

go through a silent period during which they produce very little oral language.

Which of the following characteristics would indicate atypical cognitive development in a four-year-old child?

having difficulty matching a toy car to a picture of a car

naming only four colors correctly

counting accurately to ten but no further

engaging only occasionally in fantasy play

having difficulty matching a toy car to a picture of a car

A kindergarten teacher is planning to read aloud a picture book to the class. One of the students in the class has a visual impairment that severely limits vision to several inches. Which of the following accommodations would best help this student participate in this activity?

providing an individual copy of the book to the student to look at

arranging for the student to listen to a recording of the story at a later time

obtaining a large print copy of the book to read aloud to the class

sitting in front of a well-lit window while reading

providing an individual copy of the book to the student to look at

An IEP annual review meeting has been scheduled for a second-grade student who is currently placed in a general education classroom full time. Which of the following elements of the review is most likely to be provided by the student's general education teacher?

a recommendation for additional diagnostic testing for the student

an explanation of the student's standardized test scores

a description of the present level of performance the student has achieved

an overview of the nature of the student's special needs

a description of the present level of performance the student has achieved

Which of the following statements accurately describes a central principle of the family systems theory?

A. Families' internal dynamics are directly influenced by the community environment.

B. Patterns of interaction within families remain consistent over time.

C. Families evolve through predictable and identifiable developmental stages.

D. Individual family members are mutually influenced by and dependent on one another.

D. Individual family members are mutually influenced by and dependent on one another.

In support of a schoolwide initiative to enhance the learning environment for students with disabilities, fourth-grade teachers will be participating in regular meetings with special education professionals. The primary focus of these meetings should be to:

identify innovative techniques that can be implemented to meet the needs of students with disabilities.

analyze the classroom performance of students with disabilities and agree on revisions to make to the students' IEPs.

determine the most appropriate instructional settings for students with disabilities.

examine the effectiveness of current practices in meeting the needs of students with disabilities and make adjustments as needed.

examine the effectiveness of current practices in meeting the needs of students with disabilities and make adjustments as needed.

27 Federal law allows schools to disclose information in a student's educational records without parental consent to which of the following individuals?

representatives of community agencies that provide services to the school

educators with legitimate educational interest in the student

staff at postsecondary institutions who are conducting educational research

teachers who provide instruction to the student's sibling(s)

educators with legitimate educational interest in the student

A new third-grade teacher believes that too much instructional time is being used each day to pass out students' graded work, so the teacher decides to put graded papers in a basket for students to pick up on their own throughout the day. This action is considered inappropriate primarily because it:

infringes on the students' right to privacy.

requires the students to assume responsibility for an administrative task.

diminishes the students' sense of accountability.

provides students with delayed feedback regarding their performance.

infringes on the students' right to privacy.

A kindergarten teacher's weekly newsletter includes information about community programs and special events that are designed specifically for children. This practice is likely to be most effective in helping the teacher achieve which of the following goals?

reinforcing to families the importance of their children's regular participation in enrichment activities

promoting families' recognition of the teacher's knowledge and expertise

connecting families with resources to help promote their children's learning and development

providing the foundation for a positive relationship between school and home

connecting families with resources to help promote their children's learning and development

During a routine parent-teacher conference, a student's parent confides to the teacher about a recent job loss. The single parent, with an infant and toddler at home, explains that child care, health insurance, and housing are no longer affordable. In this situation, the teacher's most important priority should be to:

reassure the parent that the teacher is always available to listen and offer support.

urge the parent to inform friends and relatives of the circumstances and seek their support.

solicit donations from school staff to provide the parent with short-term support.

connect the parent to available support services in the community.

connect the parent to available support services in the community.

Which of the following preconditions is most essential to effective collaboration among a group of teachers with diverse philosophies and teaching styles?

arranging for a school administrator to participate in their planning activities and mediate as needed

recognizing that they have a common goal of educating the students entrusted to their care

providing one another with background information on the students in their classes

identifying a leader who will be responsible for leading discussions and recording decisions

recognizing that they have a common goal of educating the students entrusted to their care

A new teacher regularly writes in a teaching journal. In addition to considering the success of his lessons, the teacher reflects on his interactions with students and on how his thoughts and actions during these interactions were culturally motivated. This strategy best demonstrates the teacher's awareness of which of the following principles?

Personal values and beliefs can influence a teacher's communication practices.

High expectations for all students can promote their academic performance.

Social identity and peer pressure can affect students' classroom behavior.

Effective conflict-resolution skills can help a teacher prevent classroom conflicts.

Personal values and beliefs can influence a teacher's communication practices.