AGRI - AQUA&BEES TERMINOLOGIES (FLASHCARD)

Apiary

Bee yard; area with collection of hives or colonies

Bee Bread

Fermented bee pollen mixed with bee saliva and floral nectar

Bee Pollen

Mixture of bee secretion and pollen collected from flowers

Beeswax

Wax secreted by bees to form honeycombs

Colony

One queen

Comb

Hexagonal wax structure for brood

Propolis

Resinous substance used by bees as sealant in the hive

Conversion Period

Time between start of organic management and certification (12 months for apiary)

Organic Integrity

Adherence to principles and standards of organic production

Harvesting

Process of collecting bee products from hive

Postharvest

Activities after collecting bee products

Competent Authority

Official government agency with jurisdiction over organic standards

Parallel Production

Producing organic and non-organic of the same product

Aquaculture

Raising and culturing of fish and other aquatic species

Freshwater Aquaculture

Culture in water with salinity 0–0.5 ppt

Brackishwater Aquaculture

Culture in mixed seawater and freshwater (

Mariculture

Seafarming in open marine waters

Extensive Aquaculture System

Depends only on natural food

Semi-intensive Aquaculture System

Uses supplementary feed to boost natural food

Intensive Aquaculture System

High stocking density with complete artificial feeds

Aquatic Animals

Fish

Aquatic Plants

Plants growing in water (includes macroalgae/seaweed and microalgae)

Macroalgae

Seaweeds (e.g.

Microalgae

Unicellular photosynthetic organisms (e.g.

Biodiversity

Variability among living organisms in ecosystems

Carrying Capacity

Maximum population a water body can sustainably support

Certification

Procedure giving assurance that a farm meets organic standards

Conventional

Any non-organic production practice

Conversion Period (Aquaculture)

At least one production cycle

Ecological Footprint

Measure of resource demand on the earth’s capacity

Endemic Species

Species native and restricted to a particular region

Exotic Species

Non-native introduced species

Genetically Modified Organism (GMO)

Organisms altered by genetic engineering techniques

Indigenous Species

Species naturally occurring and self-sustaining in an area

Organic

Production system following organic agriculture standards

Polyploid Organism

Organisms with three or more chromosome sets (prohibited)

Seedling

Young robust cuttings or propagules for seaweed farming

Veterinary Drugs

Substances used to treat or prevent disease in animals

Primary Production

Rearing/growing of aquatic animals and plants

Post-harvest Stages

Handling after harvest (sorting

Parallel Production (Aquaculture)

Simultaneous organic and conventional production

Homeopathic

Treatment using highly diluted natural remedies

Supplemental Feeding

Feeding during dearth period using organic sources

Restricted Feeding (Beekeeping)

Controlled feeding to manage colony

Ad Libitum Feeding (implied)

Unlimited access (not preferred in organic)

Brood

Immature stages of bees in the colony

Queen Bee

Reproductive female in a bee colony

Drone Bee

Male bee

Worker Bee

Female bee performing most colony tasks

Varroa spp.

Major parasitic mite in bees

Tropilaelaps spp.

Another serious bee mite

American Foul Brood (AFB)

Serious bacterial brood disease

Conversion Period (Queen)

Two months for newly introduced non-organic queen

Feral Colonies

Wild bee colonies (only 30% can be taken)

Stocking Density

Number of animals per unit area/volume

Water Quality Criteria

Standards for pollutants in aquaculture waters

Effluent Discharge

Treated water released from farms

Biosecurity

Measures to prevent disease entry and spread

Traceability

Ability to track product from source to consumer

Record Keeping

Maintaining documents for at least 5 years

Site Selection

Choosing location with minimal contamination risk

Pond Preparation

Important step before stocking in aquaculture

Organic Fertilization

Use of certified organic soil amendments only

Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR)

Efficiency of feed utilization

Survival Rate

Percentage of stocked animals that reach harvest

Carrying Capacity (Aquaculture)

Maximum sustainable stocking level

Natural Vegetation Buffer

Required around farms for ecological protection

Escape Prevention

Measures to stop cultured species from entering wild

Emergency Harvest

Allowed to avoid chemical treatment

Mortality Management

Proper disposal of dead animals

Life Support System

Allowed if needed for water quality

Photobioreactor

Controlled system for microalgae culture

Physical Sterilization

Allowed method for microalgae culture water