Examination, Prevention, and Pharmacology in Dentistry

These flashcards cover dental examination procedures, types of caries, periodontal disease classifications, dental hygiene processes, medical emergencies, and pharmacological agents as discussed in the Sensation and Perception, Fourth Edition material.

ADPIED

The dental hygiene process of care consisting of Assessments, Diagnose, Plan, Implement, Evaluate, and Document.

Gingivitis

Inflammation of the gingiva characterized by redness and swelling which may be caused by irritants, disease, habits, improper hygiene, and poor general or nutritional health.

Periodontitis

A chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease associated with bacterial dysbiosis and characterized by progressive destruction of the tooth supporting structures.

Dysbiosis

A microbial imbalance where normally dominating species are outcompeted by other species.

Velscope

A diagnostic test for epithelium color variation where abnormal tissue shows no fluorescence.

Vizlite

A chemical-luminescent method used to examine oral tissues where the patient rinses with vinegar and the provider uses an illuminator.

Identifi 3000

A fluorescence and reflection method for oral tissue examination that uses different colors of light filters.

Brush cytology

An oral tissue diagnostic test described as being like a PAP smear.

Periapical abscess

A condition that results from the death of pulp tissue.

Periodontal membrane

Also known as the periodontal ligament, it is a component of the tissue composition of the periodontium.

Cementum

The covering on the root that the periodontal ligament attaches to.

Alveolitis

A common dental emergency also known as "dry socket."

Epistaxis

A common dental emergency also known as a "nose bleed."

Trismus

A spasm of the muscles of mastication, commonly referred to as "lock jaw."

Syncope

A common medical emergency described as a common faint.

Hyperkinetic

A description of a low pain threshold/tolerance.

Hypokinetic

A description of a high pain threshold/tolerance.

TENS

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, used as an anxiety-abatement technique.

Lidocaine

The most common anesthetic in dentistry, used as 2% with 1:100,000 epi.

Benzocaine

An agent used as a topical anesthesia.

Procaine

Also known as novocaine; it is no longer used as an injectable in dentistry.

Bupvacaine

The longest acting dental anesthetic mentioned in the text.

Articaine

A local anesthetic that is highly lipid soluble, has a fast onset, and provides profound anesthesia.

Prilocaine

An anesthetic less potent than lidocaine or mepivacaine with an intermediate length of action; it is metabolized in the lungs and liver.

Erythema

A symptom of gingival disease.

Edema

A symptom of gingival disease involving swelling.